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Yari, M., Forouzesh, M., Azmi, P. (2024). Covert communication in the presence of untrusted relay. Electronic and Cyber Defense, 12(2), 1-14.
MohammadReza Yari; Moslem Forouzesh; Paeize Azmi. "Covert communication in the presence of untrusted relay". Electronic and Cyber Defense, 12, 2, 2024, 1-14.
Yari, M., Forouzesh, M., Azmi, P. (2024). 'Covert communication in the presence of untrusted relay', Electronic and Cyber Defense, 12(2), pp. 1-14.
Yari, M., Forouzesh, M., Azmi, P. Covert communication in the presence of untrusted relay. Electronic and Cyber Defense, 2024; 12(2): 1-14.

Covert communication in the presence of untrusted relay

پدافند الکترونیکی و سایبری
Article 1, Volume 12, Issue 2 - Serial Number 46, September 2024, Pages 1-14    PDF (1.71 M)
Document Type: Original Article
Authors
MohammadReza Yari1; Moslem Forouzesh2; Paeize Azmi* 3
1PhD student, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2Assistant Professor, Amol University of New Technologies, Amol, Iran
3Professor, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Receive Date: 06 April 2024,  Revise Date: 16 July 2024,  Accept Date: 03 August 2024 
Abstract
This work discusses covert communication and information theory security in a network with an untrusted relay. In this article, a scenario is proposed and evaluated in which the source and destination are equipped with multiple antennas and communicate with each other by the help of a single antenna untrusted relay. The warden is also considered to be equipped with multiple antennas and based on the total power received by all antennas, he decides on the present or absence of communication. Considering the limitation of the total transmit power, the constrained optimization problem is formulated to maximize the secrecy rate subject to satisfy covert communication requirements. To solve the single-objective constrained problem, the idea of converting the constrained problem into a multi-objective problem is proposed. Finally, we employ the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) to solve it.
If the ergodic secrecy rate is considered as a measure of efficiency, comparing the proposed solution with an exhaustive search shows a gap of about 6.888%, and the proposed solution is efficient. If the source employs the maximum ratio transmission method toward the untrusted relay in the first phase, the ergodic secrecy rate is improved by 9.48% and 11.53% compared to best antenna selection and random antenna selection, respectively. A higher secrecy rate can be obtained by using the maximum ratio transmission method toward the untrusted relay by the destination to transmit the artificial noise signal in the first phase. Furthermore, the greater the source’s antennas, the greater the untrusted relay distance from the source.
 
Keywords
Covert communication; Information theory security; Untrusted relay; multi antennas techniques; NSGA
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