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The Participative Leadership Model of Shia in the Wikalah Organization of the Ahlul Bayt | ||
| مطالعات میان رشتهای تمدنی انقلاب اسلامی | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 July 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| Authors | ||
| Mohsen Saboorian* 1; Mohammad Hossein Jamalzadeh2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2PhD Student in Islamic Sociology, Department of Islamic Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| Receive Date: 14 December 2024, Revise Date: 06 April 2025, Accept Date: 09 June 2025 | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Shia leadership, embodied in the institution of the Imamate, has evolved across various historical periods in response to changing socio-political contexts. During its fourth phase—from the onset of Imam al-Sajjad’s Imamate to the conclusion of the Minor Occultation—Shia leadership adopted a unique strategic approach that may be described as an “internal Shia revival.” In this period, the Imamate of the Ahl al-Bayt operated through the Wikālah (Agency) Organization, a covert yet structured communication and administrative network overseen by the infallible Imams. This organization comprised the Imam and a dedicated body of Shia agents (wukalāʾ) who played a critical role in advancing the religious, social, and political aims of the Ahl al-Bayt. Employing historical methodology and a library-based data collection approach, this study investigates the question: How did Shia leadership manifest through the Wikālah Organization, and what model of leadership was implemented? The findings suggest that the Wikālah operated under a participative leadership model, developed under the direct guidance of the Imams. This model was characterized by adaptive strategies rooted in the teachings of the Ahl al-Bayt and specifically designed to address the evolving needs of the Shia community. The participative leadership framework within the Wikālah system rested on three foundational principles: mutual support, collective decision-making, and pursuit of overarching objectives. These principles facilitated a range of religious, socio-political, cultural, and economic functions, thereby ensuring both continuity and resilience within the Shia community during a period marked by political repression and marginalization. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Ahlul Bayt; Imamate; Leadership; Shia; Wikalah organization | ||
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