| تعداد نشریات | 38 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 1,408 |
| تعداد مقالات | 10,088 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 11,911,234 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 6,961,950 |
آبهای زیرزمینی عمیق و ارزیابی کلی وضعیت فلات ایران و به ویژه استان سیستان و بلوچستان از لحاظ وجود منابع آب زیرزمینی عمیق | ||
| علوم و فنون سازندگی | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 5، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 14، فروردین 1403، صفحه 9-18 اصل مقاله (1.27 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| روح اله آدینه وند* 1؛ صدیقه ترابی2 | ||
| 1دکترای تخصصی، هیدروژئولوژی دانشگاه شیراز، دفتر برنامهریزی کلان آب و آبفا، وزارت نیرو، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2دکترای تخصصی، منابع آب، دفتر برنامهریزی کلان آب و آبفا، وزارت نیرو، تهران، ایران | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 26 اردیبهشت 1400، تاریخ بازنگری: 29 خرداد 1400، تاریخ پذیرش: 19 تیر 1400 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| علاوه بر مدیریت مصرف، سرمایهگذاری بر روی منابع آب جدید که به صورت ناشناخته در زیر زمین وجود دارند میتواند در تأمین بخشی از نیاز آب مصرفی کشور کارگشا باشد. در این مطالعه ابتدا با مطالعه گسترده تجربیات جهانی، ویژگیها، محدویتها و مزایای استفاده از منابع آب زیرزمینی عمیق ارائه شده و در گام بعدی وضعیت استان سیستان و بلوچستان منابع آب زیرزمینی عمیق مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. بدین منظور برخی از اساسیترین خصوصیات زمینشناسی و هیدروژئولوژی از قبیل شرایط تشکیل آبخوان، هیدرواستراتیگرافی، هندسه آبخوان، سرعت حرکت آب زیرزمینی، زمان ماندگاری، تجدیدپذیری، سن، منشأ، تخلخل، هدایت هیدرولیکی، حجم ذخیره آبخوان و خصوصیات کیفی آبخوانهای بزرگ دنیا از جمله حوضه آرتزین بزرگ در کشور استرالیا و سیستم نوبین در شمال افریقا مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. همچنین برخی از موارد مهم در زمینههای مختلف از جمله محدودیتها و مزیتهای استخراج و بهرهبرداری و همچنین پیامدهای زیستمحیطی بهرهبرداری از آبهای زیرزمینی عمیق در کشورهای مختلف مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج بررسیهای انجام شده بر روی شرایط زمینشناسی، و هیدروژئولوژی آبخوانهای بزرگ دنیا و مقایسه آن با شرایط زمینشناسی ایران نشان میدهد که بهطور کلی فلات ایران دارای زمینشناسی پیچیده و متشکل از بلوکهای زمینشناسی متعددی میباشد. از این رو، متمرکز نمودن بررسیها و مطالعات مربوط به شناسایی و اکتشاف آب و آبخوانهای عمیق در مقیاس محدود، معقولتر به نظر میرسد. مقایسه نتایج بدست آمده از بررسیهای اجمالی خصوصیات زمینشناسی و هیدروژئولوژی استان سیستان و بلوچستان حاکی از احتمال دارا بودن پتانسیلهای تشکیل آبخوان در مقیاس محدود در تشکیلات زمینشناسی جوان و به ویژه در رسوبات ضخیملایه کواترنری در قسمتهایی از حوضههای هامون-هیرمند، هامون-ماشکیل، هامون-جازموریان و همچنین در سازندهای سخت حوضه کویر لوت میباشد که اظهار نظر دقیق تر نیازمند اکتشاف و مطالعات تکمیلی است. در محدوده حوضه بلوچستان جنوبی به دلیل سکانس بسیار ضخیملایه فلیشهای دانهریز و گسلهای تراستی فراوان، بطور کلی پتانسیل تشکیل آبخوان کمتر بوده و جهت بررسیهای تکمیلی از اهمیت کمتری برخوردار است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| دکترای هیدروژئولوژی دانشگاه شیراز؛ دفتر برنامهریزی کلان آب و آبفا؛ وزارت نیرو | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Deep groundwater resources and general assessment of Iran, especially in Sistan and Baluchestan province in terms of the existence of deep groundwater resources | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Rouhollah Adinehvand1؛ Sedigheh Torabi2 | ||
| 1PhD in Hydrogeology, Shiraz University, Office of Water and Sanitation Planning, Ministry of Energy, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Ph.D. in Civil Engineering, Water Resources Management, Director General Macro-Planning of Water and Wastewater Office, Ministry of Energy | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In addition to managing consumption, investing in new water resources that are unexplored underground can be effective in supplying part of the country's water needs. In this study, first, with extensive study of global experiences, properties, limitations and benefits of using deep groundwater resources are presented and in the next step, Sistan and Baluchestan province was evaluated from the point of view of deep groundwater resources potential. For this purpose, geological and hydrogeological characteristics such as aquifer formation conditions, hydrostratigraphy, aquifer geometry, groundwater velocity, residence time, renewability, age, origin, porosity, hydraulic conductivity, aquifer storage volume, and qualitative characteristics of some of the world's largest aquifers, including Great Artesian Basin in Australia and the Nubian Aquifer system in North Africa were analyzed. Also, some important factors such as economics, limitations and advantages of exploitation, as well as the environmental consequences of exploitation of deep groundwater resources in different countries were evaluated. The results of studies on the geological conditions and hydrogeology of the world's largest aquifers and its comparison with the geological conditions of Iran show that in general the Iranian plateau has a complex geology consisting of several geological blocks. Therefore, it makes more sense to focus studies on the identification and exploration of water and deep aquifers on small scales. Comparison of the results obtained from the overview of geological and hydrogeological characteristics of Sistan and Baluchestan province indicates the possibility of aquifer formation on a small scale in the thick alluvial layers of Hamoon-Helmand, Hamoon-Mashkil, Hamoon-Jazmourian and hard rocks of the Kavir-e Lut basins. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Deep groundwater resources, Iran, Sistan and Baluchistan, Deep-groundwater potential | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
[1] S. Puri, and A. Aureli, “Atlas of transboundary aquifers: global maps, regional cooperation and local inventories”, ISARM Program, 2009. [2] V. L. McGuire, K. D. Lund, B. K. Densmore, “Saturated thickness and water in storage in the High Plains Aquifer, 2009, and water-level changes and changes in water in storage in the High Plains Aquifer, 1980 to 1995, 1995 to 2000, 2000 to 2005, and 2005 to 2009”, US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report, 5177, 28, 2012. [3] J. S. Ren, and R. H. Johnston, “Regional aquifersystem analysis program of the US Geological Survey, 1978-1992”, The US Geological Survey Circular 1099, p. 126,1996. [4] J. R. Prescott, and M. A. Habermehl, “Luminescence dating of spring mound deposits in the southwestern Great Artesian Basin, northern South Australia”, Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 55(2), 167-181, 2008. [5] T. B. Walker, “The Great Artesian Basin, Australia”, CEN Tech. J, 10(3), 379-390, 1996. [6] S. Foster, and D. P. Loucks, “Non-renewable groundwater resources: a guidebook on sociallysustainable management for water-policy makers”, UNESCO, 2006. [7] BGR - WHYMAP - Groundwater Resources of the World Whymap.org. 2008. [online] Available at: [Accessed 6 May 2020]. [8] A. Aghanabati, “Geology and mineral of Sistan and Baluchestan province”, The growth of geology education, 45, 2006. [9] J. Tóth, “A conceptual model of the groundwater regime and the hydrogeologic environment”, Journal of Hydrology, 10(2), 164-176, 1970. [10] R. A. Bisson, and J. H. Lehr, Modern groundwater exploration: discovering new water resources in consoli197dated rocks using innovative hydrogeologic concepts, exploration, drilling, aquifer testing and management methods, John Wiley and Sons, 2004. [11] M. A. Hoqtue, and W. G. Burgess, “14C dating of deep groundwater in the Bengal Aquifer System, Bangladesh: Implications for aquifer anisotropy, recharge sources and sustainability”, Journal of Hydrology, 444, 209-220, 2012. [13] R. A. Bisson, “Megawatersheds Development Feasibility Study of Ethiopia, Report and Maps, for U.S. Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA)”, Bisson Exploration Services Company, 1992. [14] F. A. Kohout, E. H. Walker, M. H. Bothner, and J. Hathaway, “Fresh ground water found deep beneath Nantucket Island”, Massachusetts, J. Res. US Geological Survay, 4, 511-515, 1976. [15] E. Mazor, “Applied Chemical and Isotopic Groundwater Hydrology”, 3rd edition, Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York, 453 p, 2004. [16] B. D. Smerdon, T. R. Ransley, B. M. Radke, and J. R. Kellett, “Water resource assessment for the Great Artesian Basin. A report to the Australian government from the CSIRO Great Artesian Basin water resource assessment”, details Published by CSIRO© 2012 all rights reserved. This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from CSIRO. ISSN 1835-095X Cover photograph: Exposure of the Hutton Sandstone Formation in Queensland, which forms a major aquifer in the Great Artesian Basin, Courtesy of CSIRO Land and Water, 3, 2012. [17] P. A. Domenico, and F. W. Schwartz, “Physical and chemical hydrogeology”, New York: Wiley, 1998. [18] D. J. Bottomley, R. Renaud, T. Kotzer, and I. D. Clark, “Iodine-129 constraints on residence times of deep marine brines in the Canadian Shield”, Geology, 30(7), 587-590, 2002. [19] A. Guendouz, A. S. Moulla, W. M. Edmunds, K. Zouari, P. Shand, and A. Mamou, “Hydrogeochemical and isotopic evolution of water in the Complexe Terminal aquifer in the Algerian Sahara”, Hydrogeology journal, 11(4), 483-495, 2003. [20] W. M. Edmunds, and C. J. Milne, (Eds.), “Palaeowaters in coastal Europe: evolution of groundwater since the late Pleistocene”, Geological Society of London, 2001. [21] B. E. Lehmann, A. Love, R. Purtschert, P. Collon, H. H. Loosli, W. Kutschera, and A. Herczeg, “A comparison of groundwater dating with 81Kr, 36Cl and 4He in four wells of the Great Artesian Basin, Australia”, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 211(3-4), 237-250, 2003. [22] L. André, M. Franceschi, P. Pouchan and O. Atteia, "Using geochemical data and modelling to enhance the understanding of groundwater flow in a regional deep aquifer, Aquitaine Basin, south-west of France", Journal of Hydrology, vol. 305, no. 1-4, pp. 40-62, 2005. [23] G. A. Kazemi, J. H. Lehr, P. Perrochet, “Groundwater age”, John Wiley & Sons, 2006. [24] A. B. Moussa, K. Zouari, F. Jlassi, “The hydrogeology of the deep groundwater system in the Hammamet–Nabeul regional basin, north-eastern Tunisia: a hydrochemical and isotopic approach”, Carbonates and evaporites, 26(4), 327-338, 2011. [25] D. A. Novikov, and A. F. Sukhorukova, “Hydrogeology of the northwestern margin of the West Siberian Artesian Basin”, Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 8(10), 8703-8719, 2015. [26] M. A. Habermehl, “The evolving understanding of the Great Artesian Basin (Australia), from discovery to current hydrogeological interpretations”, Hydrogeology Journal, 28(1), 13-36, 2020. [27] J. M. Godoy, and M. L. Godoy, “Natural radioactivity in Brazilian groundwater”, Journal of environmental radioactivity, 85(1), 71-83, 2006. [28] D. M. Bonotto, “Hydro(radio)chemical relationships in the giant Guarani aquifer, Brazil”, Journal of Hydrology, 323, 353–386, 2006. [29] S. Han, F. Zhang, H. Zhang, Y. An, Y. Wang, X. Wu, andC. Wang, “Spatial and temporal patterns of groundwater arsenic in shallow and deep groundwater of Yinchuan Plain, China”, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 135, 71-78, 2013. [30] T. Munemoto, K. Ohmori, and T. Iwatsuki, “Rare earth elements (REE) in deep groundwater from granite and fracture-filling calcite in the Tono area, central Japan: Prediction of REE fractionation in paleo-to present-day groundwater”, Chemical Geology, 417, 58-67, 2015. [31] S. S. El Baruni, “Earth Fissures Caused By Groundwater Withdrawal In Sarir South Agricultural Project Area, Libya”, Applied Hydrogeology, 2(1), 45-52, 1994. [32] N. Alfarrah, G. Berhane, A. Hweesh, and K. Walraevens, “Sinkholes Due to Groundwater Withdrawal in Tazerbo Wellfield, SE Libya”, Groundwater, 55(4), 593-601, 2017a. [33] N. Alfarrah, G. Berhane, A. Hweesh, and K. Walraevens, “Hydrochemical characteristics and flow of the Nubian Aquifer System in Tazerbo Wellfield, SE Libya”. Environmental Earth Sciences, 76(10), p.356, 2017b. [34] E. Klitzsch, C. Squyres, “Paleozoic and Mesozoic Geological History of NE Africa upon new intepretation of Nubian strata”. AAPG bulletin, 74(8), 1203-1211, 1990. [35] R. Blewett, and R. Blewett, “Shaping a nation: A geology of Australia”. Geoscience Australia and ANU E-Press, 2012. [36] H. F. Doutch, and E. Nicholas, “The Phanerozoic sedimentary basins of Australia and their tectonic implications”, Tectonophysics, 48(3), pp.365-388, 1978. [37] I. Stober, and K. Bucher, “Deep groundwater in the crystalline basement of the Black Forest region”, Applied geochemistry, 14(2), 237-254, 1999. [38] A. Sefelnasr, “Development of Groundwater Flow Model for Water Resources Management in the Development Areas of the Western Desert”, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg in, 2007. [39] U. Thorweihe, and M. Heinl, “Groundwater resources of the Nubian aquifer system, Aquifers major basins–non-renewable water Resourses Modification Synthesis, 2002. [40] T. Ransley, B. M. Radke, A. J. Feitz, G. R. Owens, J. Bell, Stewart and H. Carey, “Hydrogeological Atlas of the Great Artesian Basin”, Geoscience Australia. Canberra, 134p, 2015. [41] E. Dafny, “The Great Artesian Basin: is it that great?” Hydrogeology Journal, 24(6), 1329-1332, 2016. [42] B. M. Radke, J. Ferguson, R. G. Cresswell, T. R. Ransley, and M. A. Habermehl, “Hydrochemistry and implied hydrodynamics of the Cadna-owie-Hooray aquifer, Great Artesian Basin", 2000. [43] M. Keppel, K. E. Karlstrom, A. J. Love, S. Priestley, D. Wohling, and S. De Ritter, (Eds.), “Hydrogeological framework of the Western Great Artesian Basin. National Water Commission, 2013. [44] Y. Mahara, M. A. Habermehl, T. Hasegawa, K. Nakata, T. R. Ransley, T. Hatano, and T. Ohta, “Groundwater dating by estimation of groundwater flow velocity and dissolved 4He accumulation rate calibrated by 36Cl in the Great Artesian Basin, Australia”, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 287(1-2), 43-56, 2009. [45] A. J. Love, A. L. Herczeg, L. SampsonR. G. Cresswell, and L. K. Fifield, “Sources of chloride and implications for 36Cl dating of old groundwater, southwestern Great Artesian Basin, Australia”, Water Resources Research, 36(6), 1561-1574, 2000. [46] IAEA, “Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System (NSAS) Technical Baseline Meeting”, Vienna, Austria, 2007. [47] C. M. Bethke, X. Zhao, and T. Torgersen, “Groundwater flow and the 4He distribution in the Great Artesian Basin of Australia”, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 104(B6), 12999- 13011, 1999. [48] T. Torgersen, M. A. Habermehl, W. B. Clarke, “Crustal helium fluxes and heat flow in the Great Artesian Basin, Australia”, Chemical geology, 102(1- 4), 139-152, 1992. [49] M. I. I. Mohamaden, H. M. El-Sayed, and A. Z. Hamouda, “Combined application of electrical resistivity and GIS for subsurface mapping and groundwater exploration at El-Themed, Southeast Sinai, Egypt”, The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 42(4), 417-426, 2016. [50] S. Khalaf, and M. G. Abdalla, “Groundwater modeling of multi-aquifer systems using GMS. Hydrology: Current Research, 6(1), 2015. [51] C. R. Kent S. Pandey N. Turner, C. G. Dickinson, and M. Jamieson, “Estimating current and historical groundwater abstraction from the Great Artesian Basin and other regional-scale aquifers in Queensland, Australia”, Hydrogeology Journal, vol 28 (1), pp 393- 412, 2020. [52] T. R. Ransley B. M. Radke J. R. Kellett, H. Carey, J. G. Bell, P. E. O’Brien, “Hydrogeology of the Great Artesian Basin”, chap 5, 2012. In: Ransley TR, Smerdon BD (eds) Hydrostratigraphy, hydrogeology and system conceptualisation of the Great Artesian Basin. Technical report to the Australian Government from the CSIRO Great Artesian basin Water Resource Assessment, CSIRO Water for a Healthy Country Flagship, Australia. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 922 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,081 |
||