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تصویربرداری تک پیکسل تراهرتز مبتنی بر سنجش فشرده و ماسک مکانیکی | ||
| رادار | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 12، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 31، شهریور 1403، صفحه 23-35 اصل مقاله (1.5 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| رضا هاشمی سیاوشانی1؛ محمد روئین فر* 2؛ ابوالفضل چمن مطلق3؛ مهدی سلمانیان1 | ||
| 1کارشناسی ارشد،دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)، تهران ، ایران | ||
| 2مربی ،دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)، تهران ، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار،دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)، تهران ، ایران | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 06 اردیبهشت 1403، تاریخ بازنگری: 26 تیر 1403، تاریخ پذیرش: 13 مرداد 1403 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تصویربرداری تکپیکسلی تراهرتز فنّاوری نوظهوری است که در سالهای اخیر جهت تصویربرداری اهداف مدنظر موردتوجه ویژهای قرار گرفته است. تصویربرداری تکپیکسلی تراهرتز دارای چندین مزیت است که برای کاربردهای پزشکی، صنعتی و بهویژه در زمینه ی امنیتی قابلتوجه است. این روش، ایده نوآورانهای است که امکان دستیابی به تصویر تراهرتز هدف را به جای استفاده از دوربین های تراهرتز گران قیمت، تنها با یک آشکارساز تکپیکسل تراهرتز فراهم می کند. ایده اصلی در این روش تصویربرداری، تابش متوالی پرتو تراهرتز به جسم و اندازه گیری و ثبت ولتاژ خروجی آشکارساز تک پیکسل تراهرتز به ازای هر بار تابش پرتو تراهرتز است. در هر بار تابش پرتو تراهرتز، با استفاده از ماسک های مختلف یا هر ماسک که الگوی منحصر به فردی دارد پرتو تراهرتز مدوله مکانی شده و سپس به جسم می تابد. بنابراین جسم هر بار با یک الگوی متفاوتی از تابش پرتو تراهرتز، روشن میشود و مقادیر ولتاژ آشکارساز به ازای هر ماسک یا هر بار تابش متفاوت خواهد بود. با ثبت و پردازش مقادیر آشکارساز تکپیکسل و با بهرهمندی از روش سنجش فشرده، نهایتا تصویر جسم بازیابی می شود. یکی از مهمترین چالشهای تصویربرداری تراهرتز تکپیکسل، سرعت تصویربرداری است. در این پژوهش روی طراحی ساده و هزینه پایین ماسک طراحی شده در مقایسه با مقالات دیگر و البته الگوریتم به کاربرده شده است و همچنین در مقابل هزینه بسیار بالای آشکارساز های ارایه ای تراهرتز، با این روش صرفا با یک پیکسل بازسازی تصویر انجام شده است. علاوه بر این نتایج شبیه سازی تصاویر بازیابی شده با تصویر اصلی با معیار MSE و SSIM مقایسه میشود که نتایج ارزیابی حاکی از موفقیت این روش تصویربرداری تک پیکسل با ماسک مکانیکی و الگوریتم پردازشی سنجش فشرده است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| تصویربرداری تراهرتز؛ تصویربرداری تک پیکسل؛ مدولاتور مکانی نور؛ سنجش فشرده | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Single-pixel terahertz imaging based on compressive sensing and mechanical mask | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Reza Hashemi Sciyavashani1؛ Mohammad Roueinfar2؛ Abolfazl Chamanmotlagh3؛ mahdi salmanian1 | ||
| 1Master's degree, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Instructor, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Terahertz single-pixel imaging is an emerging technology that has received considerable attention in recent years for the purpose of imaging targets. Single-pixel terahertz imaging has several advantages that are critical for medical, industrial, and especially security applications. This method is a novel approach that provides the possibility of acquiring a terahertz image of the target, instead of using expensive terahertz cameras, with only a single-pixel terahertz detector. The main idea behind this imaging technique is to successively radiate the terahertz beam to the object and measure and record the output voltage of the single-pixel terahertz detector for each terahertz beam irradiation. Each time the terahertz beam is emitted, using different masks or a uniquely patterned mask, the terahertz beam is spatially modulated and then directed onto the object. Therefore, the object is illuminated repeatedly with a different pattern of terahertz radiation, and the detector voltage values vary for each mask or each irradiation instance. By recording and processing the values of the single-pixel detector and using the compressed sensing technique, the image of the object can be reconstructed. One of the most important challenges of single-pixel terahertz imaging is imaging speed. In this paper, a mechanical mask is used due to its availability and lower cost. In the simulation results, the recovered images are compared with the original image using MSE and SSIM metrics. The evaluation results indicate the success of this single-pixel imaging approach with a mechanical mask and a compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Terahertz imaging, Single-pixel imaging, Spatial light modulator, Compressive sensing | ||
| مراجع | ||
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[1] A.Y. Pawar, D.D. Sonawane, K.B. Erande, and D.V. Derle, “Terahertz technology and its applications”, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, 157-163, 31.March, 2013. [2] M.P. Edgar, G.M.Gibson, and M.J. Padgett, “Principles and prospects for single-pixel imaging”, Nature Photonics, December.2018. [3] E. Brundermann et al., Terahertz Techniques, Springer Series in Optical Sciences 1, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-02592-1 [4] Z.Xie, X.Wang, J.Ye, S.Feng, W.Sun, T.Akalin and Y.Zhang, “Spatial Terahertz Modulator”, Scientific Reports, 3: 3347, 26.November, 2013. [5] Duarte M F, Davenport M A, Takhar D, Laska J, Sun T, Kelly K F, and Baraniuk R G, "Single-pixel imaging via compressive sampling," IEEE Sig. Proc. Mag., vol. 25, pp. 83-91, March (2008) [6] H. Shen, N. Newman, L. Gan, S. C. Zhong, Y. Huang and Y. C. Shen, "Compressed terahertz imaging system using a spin disk," 35th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, Rome, 2010, pp. 1-2, doi: 10.1109/ICIMW.2010.5612977. [7] D. Shrekenhamer, C.M. Watts, and W.J. Padilla,” Terahertz single pixel imaging with an optically controlled dynamic spatial light modulator,”, Optical Society of America, Optics Express, May, 2013. [8] L. Zanotto, R.Piccoli, J.Dong1, R.Morandotti and L.Razzari “Single pixel terahertz imaging: a review”, Opto Electron Adv 3, Vol. 3, No.9,2000121-15, 23.September, 2020. [9] R.I. Stantchev, X.Yu, T.Blu and E.Pickwell-MacPherson ”Real-time terahertz imaging with a single-pixel detector”, Nature Communications, 11:2535, 2020. [10] M.F.Duarte, M.A.Davenport, D.Takhar, J.N.Laska, T.Sun, K.F.Kelly, and R.G.Baraniu “Single-Pixel Imaging via Compressive Sampling”, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.83, March.2008. [11] Ming-Jie Sun and Jia-Min Zhang,” Single-Pixel Imaging and Its Application inThree-Dimensional Reconstruction: A Brief Review”, Sensor Journal,2019. [12] S.Augustin, S. Frohmann, P.Jung and H.W.Hübers, ”Mask Responses for Single-Pixel Terahertz Imaging”, Scientific Reports, 8:4886, 6.March, 2018. [13] A.Valles, J.HE, S.Ohno, T.Omatsu and K.Miyamoto, ”Broadband high-resolution terahertz single-pixel imaging”, Optics Express, Vol. 28, No. 20, 28868-28881, 14.September, 2020. [14] Donoho, David L, "For most large underdetermined systems of linear equations the minimal 1-norm solution is also the sparsest solution". Communications on pure and applied mathematics 59: 797–829. doi:10.1002/cpa.20132, (2006). [15] Candès, Emmanuel J. ; Romberg, Justin K. ; Tao, Terence, "Stable signal recovery from incomplete and inaccurate measurements" (PDF). Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 59 (8): 1207–1223, (2006). [16]S. Majumder, S. Gupta, and S. Dubey, “Compressive Sensing Based Active Imaging System Using Programable Coded Mask and a Photodiode,” IEEE Photonics Journal, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 1–7, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1109/jphot.2023.3273579. [17] H. Shen, L. Gan, N. Newman, Y. Dong, C. Li, Y. Huang and Y. C. Shen, "Spinning disk for compressive imaging," Opt. Lett., 2012. vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 46-48, [18]L Gan, L Liu, YC Shen, “Golay sequence for partial Fourier and Hadamard compressive imaging”, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), (2013) 6048-6052. [19] W. L. Chan, M. L. Moravec, R. G. Baraniuk, and D. M. Mittleman, “Terahertz imaging with compressed sensing and phase retrieval,” 2007 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), pp. 1–2, May 2007, doi: 10.1109/cleo.2007.4452877. [20]H. Mohimani, M. Babaie-Zadeh, and C. Jutten, “A Fast Approach for Overcomplete Sparse Decomposition Based on Smoothed l0 Norm,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 289–301, Jan. 2009, doi: 10.1109/tsp.2008.2007606. [21]S. S. Chen, D. L. Donoho, and M. A. Saunders, “Atomic Decomposition by Basis Pursuit,” SIAM Review, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 129–159, Jan. 2001, doi: 10.1137/s003614450037906x. [22]W. Zhao, L. Gao, A. Zhai, and D. Wang, “Comparison of Common Algorithms for Single-Pixel Imaging via Compressed Sensing,” Sensors, vol. 23, no. 10, p. 4678, May 2023, doi: 10.3390/s23104678. [23]A. Vallés, J. He, S. Ohno, T. Omatsu, and K. Miyamoto, “Broadband high-resolution terahertz single-pixel imaging,” Optics Express, vol. 28, no. 20, p. 28868, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.1364/oe.404143. [25] H. Zayyani, M. Babaie-Zadeh, and C. Jutten, “An Iterative Bayesian Algorithm for Sparse Component Analysis in Presence of Noise,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 57, no. 11, pp. 4378–4390, Nov. 2009, doi: 10.1109/tsp.2009.2025154. [26]M. Roueinfar, A. Aghakasiri, M. Salmanian, A. Bashiri, and S. Babanezhad, “Single-Pixel THz imaging using mechanical SLM and compressive sensing,” Jun. 2023, doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3080349/v1. [27]M.Roueinfar; M. Salmanian; A. Aqakasiri; A. Bashiri; S. Babnezhad. "Single-Pixel Terahertz Imaging at 100 GHz Frequency in Active Reflection Mode Based on Mechanical Spatial Modulator", Applied Electromagnetics, 12, 1, 47-58, 2024. DOR: [1] A.Y. Pawar, D.D. Sonawane, K.B. Erande, and D.V. Derle, “Terahertz technology and its applications”, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, 157-163, 31.March, 2013. [2] M.P. Edgar, G.M.Gibson, and M.J. Padgett, “Principles and prospects for single-pixel imaging”, Nature Photonics, December.2018. [3] E. Brundermann et al., Terahertz Techniques, Springer Series in Optical Sciences 1, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-02592-1 [4] Z.Xie, X.Wang, J.Ye, S.Feng, W.Sun, T.Akalin and Y.Zhang, “Spatial Terahertz Modulator”, Scientific Reports, 3: 3347, 26.November, 2013. [5] Duarte M F, Davenport M A, Takhar D, Laska J, Sun T, Kelly K F, and Baraniuk R G, "Single-pixel imaging via compressive sampling," IEEE Sig. Proc. Mag., vol. 25, pp. 83-91, March (2008) [6] H. Shen, N. Newman, L. Gan, S. C. Zhong, Y. Huang and Y. C. Shen, "Compressed terahertz imaging system using a spin disk," 35th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, Rome, 2010, pp. 1-2, doi: 10.1109/ICIMW.2010.5612977. [7] D. Shrekenhamer, C.M. Watts, and W.J. Padilla,” Terahertz single pixel imaging with an optically controlled dynamic spatial light modulator,”, Optical Society of America, Optics Express, May, 2013. [8] L. Zanotto, R.Piccoli, J.Dong1, R.Morandotti and L.Razzari “Single pixel terahertz imaging: a review”, Opto Electron Adv 3, Vol. 3, No.9,2000121-15, 23.September, 2020. [9] R.I. Stantchev, X.Yu, T.Blu and E.Pickwell-MacPherson ”Real-time terahertz imaging with a single-pixel detector”, Nature Communications, 11:2535, 2020. [10] M.F.Duarte, M.A.Davenport, D.Takhar, J.N.Laska, T.Sun, K.F.Kelly, and R.G.Baraniu “Single-Pixel Imaging via Compressive Sampling”, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.83, March.2008. [11] Ming-Jie Sun and Jia-Min Zhang,” Single-Pixel Imaging and Its Application inThree-Dimensional Reconstruction: A Brief Review”, Sensor Journal,2019. [12] S.Augustin, S. Frohmann, P.Jung and H.W.Hübers, ”Mask Responses for Single-Pixel Terahertz Imaging”, Scientific Reports, 8:4886, 6.March, 2018. [13] A.Valles, J.HE, S.Ohno, T.Omatsu and K.Miyamoto, ”Broadband high-resolution terahertz single-pixel imaging”, Optics Express, Vol. 28, No. 20, 28868-28881, 14.September, 2020. [14] Donoho, David L, "For most large underdetermined systems of linear equations the minimal 1-norm solution is also the sparsest solution". Communications on pure and applied mathematics 59: 797–829. doi:10.1002/cpa.20132, (2006). [15] Candès, Emmanuel J. ; Romberg, Justin K. ; Tao, Terence, "Stable signal recovery from incomplete and inaccurate measurements" (PDF). Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 59 (8): 1207–1223, (2006). [16]S. Majumder, S. Gupta, and S. Dubey, “Compressive Sensing Based Active Imaging System Using Programable Coded Mask and a Photodiode,” IEEE Photonics Journal, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 1–7, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1109/jphot.2023.3273579. [17] H. Shen, L. Gan, N. Newman, Y. Dong, C. Li, Y. Huang and Y. C. Shen, "Spinning disk for compressive imaging," Opt. Lett., 2012. vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 46-48, [18]L Gan, L Liu, YC Shen, “Golay sequence for partial Fourier and Hadamard compressive imaging”, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), (2013) 6048-6052. [19] W. L. Chan, M. L. Moravec, R. G. Baraniuk, and D. M. Mittleman, “Terahertz imaging with compressed sensing and phase retrieval,” 2007 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), pp. 1–2, May 2007, doi: 10.1109/cleo.2007.4452877. [20]H. Mohimani, M. Babaie-Zadeh, and C. Jutten, “A Fast Approach for Overcomplete Sparse Decomposition Based on Smoothed l0 Norm,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 289–301, Jan. 2009, doi: 10.1109/tsp.2008.2007606. [21]S. S. Chen, D. L. Donoho, and M. A. Saunders, “Atomic Decomposition by Basis Pursuit,” SIAM Review, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 129–159, Jan. 2001, doi: 10.1137/s003614450037906x. [22]W. Zhao, L. Gao, A. Zhai, and D. Wang, “Comparison of Common Algorithms for Single-Pixel Imaging via Compressed Sensing,” Sensors, vol. 23, no. 10, p. 4678, May 2023, doi: 10.3390/s23104678. [23]A. Vallés, J. He, S. Ohno, T. Omatsu, and K. Miyamoto, “Broadband high-resolution terahertz single-pixel imaging,” Optics Express, vol. 28, no. 20, p. 28868, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.1364/oe.404143. [25] H. Zayyani, M. Babaie-Zadeh, and C. Jutten, “An Iterative Bayesian Algorithm for Sparse Component Analysis in Presence of Noise,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 57, no. 11, pp. 4378–4390, Nov. 2009, doi: 10.1109/tsp.2009.2025154. [26]M. Roueinfar, A. Aghakasiri, M. Salmanian, A. Bashiri, and S. Babanezhad, “Single-Pixel THz imaging using mechanical SLM and compressive sensing,” Jun. 2023, doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3080349/v1. [28] M. Roinfar, M. Salmanian, A. Aghakasiri, A.Bashiri and S. Babanejad, “Single-pixel terahertz imaging at 100 GHz frequency in active reflection mode based on mechanical spatial modulator”,Journal Scientific Journal of Applied Electromagnetics , vol. 12, no.1, pp. 47-57, 2021. (In Persian) https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.26455153.1403.12.1.6.4 [28] M. Roinfar, M. Salmanian, A. Aghakasiri, A.Bashiri and S. Babanejad, “Single-pixel terahertz imaging at 100 GHz frequency in active reflection mode based on mechanical spatial modulator”,Journal Scientific Journal of Applied Electromagnetics , vol. 12, no.1, pp. 47-57, 2021. (In Persian) https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.26455153.1403.12.1.6.4 | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 260 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 76 |
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