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تحلیل تطبیقی مفهوم مدینه فاضله در اندیشه حکیم فارابی و شهر شرعی در آرای آیتالله اراکی | ||
| مطالعات میان رشتهای تمدنی انقلاب اسلامی | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 4، شماره 16، دی 1404، صفحه 61-92 اصل مقاله (1.57 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.47176/cir.2502.1220 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعیده علی کائی1؛ آمنه بختیار نصرآبادی* 2 | ||
| 1استادیار، دانشکده شهرسازی، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، دانشکده معماری، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 05 اسفند 1403، تاریخ بازنگری: 04 شهریور 1404، تاریخ پذیرش: 07 مهر 1404 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ایده آرمانشهر، سابقهای کهن در اندیشه بشری دارد و همواره بهمنزله واکنشی به ناکامیها و بحرانهای اجتماعی، اخلاقی و معنوی، محل تأمل و بازاندیشی درباره نظم مطلوب جامعه بوده است. در جهان اسلام، این مفهوم با اتکا به آموزههای وحیانی و فلسفی، صورتی خاص به خود گرفته و به تبیین ساختاری از شهر اسلامی منجر شده که اهدافی چون عدالت، سعادت و عبودیت را دنبال میکند. این پژوهش با رویکرد تحلیلی-تطبیقی به بررسی ابعاد نظری شهر آرمانی در اندیشههای دو متفکر برجسته یعنی فارابی و محسن اراکی میپردازد که به ترتیب نمایندگان دو رویکرد فلسفی و فقهی تلقی میشوند. فارابی، با تأکید بر عقل فعال، ساختار سلسلهمراتبی هستی و ضرورت حاکمیت حکیم، شهر را فضایی برای شکوفایی فضیلت، تحقق سعادت و مشارکت عقلانی شهروندان میداند. در مقابل، اراکی بر اساس نظریه فقه نظام و ولایت دینی، شهری مبتنی بر شریعت اسلامی تصویر میکند که در آن قانون، رهبری، شهروندی و حتی ساختار کالبدی، در خدمت تحقق توحید، عدالت اجتماعی و اهداف الهی قرار میگیرند. در هر دو رویکرد، شهر آرمانی نیازمند جامعهای هماهنگ، رهبری مشروع، قانون متعالی و کالبدی معنادار است، اما مبانی معرفتشناختی و هستیشناختی آنها متفاوت است. این مقاله بر ضرورت تعامل میان فلسفه و فقه اسلامی در بازتعریف شهر اسلامی معاصر تأکید میورزد و نشان میدهد که بهرهگیری از گفتمان میانرشتهای میتواند زمینهساز ارائه الگویی نظری و کاربردی برای طراحی و مدیریت شهر اسلامی در جهان معاصر باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| شهر؛ آرمانشهر؛ شهر شرعی؛ شهر عرفی؛ حکیم فارابی؛ آیتالله اراکی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A Comparative Analysis of the Utopian City in al‑Farabi’s Thought and the Sharia City in Ayatollah Araki’s Views | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| saeede alikaei1؛ ameneh bakhtiar nasrabadi2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Faculty of Urban Planning, College of fine arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Faculty of Architecture, College of fine arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The idea of the utopian city has a long-standing history in human thought and has consistently served as a response to social, moral, and spiritual crises—functioning as a space for reflection and rethinking about the ideal order of society. In the Islamic world, this concept, grounded in revelatory and philosophical teachings, has taken on a distinctive form that articulates the structure of an Islamic city oriented toward goals such as justice, felicity, and servitude to God. This study, using an analytical-comparative approach, examines the theoretical dimensions of the ideal city in the thought of two prominent scholars: Farabi and Mohsen Araki, who are understood as representatives of the philosophical and jurisprudential approaches, respectively. Farabi, emphasizing the Active Intellect, the hierarchical structure of existence, and the necessity of a philosopher-ruler, conceives the city as a space for the flourishing of virtue, the attainment of felicity, and the rational participation of its citizens. In contrast, Araki—based on the theory of “systemic jurisprudence” (fiqh al-nizām) and religious authority—presents a vision of a city grounded in Islamic law, in which governance, legislation, citizenship, and even the physical structure of the city serve the realization of monotheism, social justice, and divine objectives. In both approaches, the ideal city requires a harmonious community, legitimate leadership, transcendent law, and a meaningful physical form; yet their epistemological and ontological foundations differ. This article emphasizes the need for interaction between Islamic philosophy and jurisprudence in redefining the contemporary Islamic city and argues that an interdisciplinary dialogue can provide a theoretical and practical framework for the design and governance of the Islamic city in the modern world. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| City, utopia, Sharia City, secular city, Hakim Farabi, Ayatollah Araki | ||
| مراجع | ||
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