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تبیین شاخصهای ارتقاء تابآوری پهنههای مسکونی در برابر تهدیدات انسانساخت (مورد پژوهی: محله اوین) | ||
| پدافند غیرعامل | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 17، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 65، خرداد 1405، صفحه 103-122 اصل مقاله (2.06 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.47176/pd.2026.1562 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی بیطرفان1؛ مه تیام شهبازی* 2؛ فرح حبیب3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری گروه معماری ، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار گروه معماری ، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3استاد گروه معماری ، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 17 مرداد 1404، تاریخ بازنگری: 14 مهر 1404، تاریخ پذیرش: 26 آذر 1404 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در طول تاریخ حیات بشر، مسکن همواره به عنوان نیاز پایهای مطرح بوده است. امروزه پهنههای مسکونی نقش تعیینکنندهای در شکلگیری شهرها داشته و دارد، در عین حال از لحاظ شاخصهای مختلف تابآوری دچار مشکلات عدیدهای میباشد. از اینرو مخاطرات طبیعی و انسانساخت بهعنوان چالشی اساسی در جهت نیل به ایمنی و امنیت پایدار پهنههای مسکونی به شمار میروند. تحقیق حاضر به لحاظ نوع تحقیق، کاربردی و به لحاظ روش تحقیق، توصیفی-تحلیلی و روش گردآوری اطلاعات، مطالعات اسنادی و پرسشنامه میباشد. در این تحقیق ابتداً تهدیدات انسانساخت عمدی تحقیق شناسایی و با استفاده از روش MARCOS، ارزیابی و در مرحله دوم شاخصهای ارتقاء تابآوری پهنههای مسکونی در برابر تهدیدات انسانساخت شناسابی و با استفاده از روش IHWP ارزیابی و در مرحله سوم نتایج ارزیابی مرحله دوم بر روی نمونه موردی تحقیق یعنی محله اوین پیادهسازی گردید. نتایج تحقیق در مرحله اول نشان میدهد از بین حملات پهپادی و موشکی، حملات خمپارهای، حملات تروریستی، آشوب و اغتشاش، آتشزنی، حملات شیمیایی و حملات زیستی، احتمال وقوع حملات پهپادی و موشکی بیشتر است. نتایج در مرحله دوم نشان میدهد به ترتیب معیارهای ساختمان و سازه، کاربریها، ساختار فضایی شهر، معماری، تأسیسات و تجهیزات شهری پشتیبان پهنههای، درآکد، اشتغال، مسکونی، جمعیت و انسجام اجتماعی بیشترین تأثیر را در ارتقاء تابآوری پهنههای مسکونی دارند. در مرحله سوم نیز نتایج نشان میدهد میزان تابآوری پهنههای مسکونی محله اوین در برابر حملات پهپادی و موشکی، 73/5 درصد است که نشان از وضعیت بسیار نامناسب آن و چالشهای متعدد در حوزههای کالبدی، اجتماعی-فرهنگی و اقتصادی محله است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| شاخصهای تابآوری؛ پهنههای مسکونی؛ تهدیدات انسانساخت؛ محله اوین | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Explaining the Indicators for Improving the Resilience of Residential Areas Against Man-Made Threats (Case Study: Evin Neighborhood) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| ali bitarafan1؛ mahtiam shahbazi2؛ farah habib3 | ||
| 1PhD student, Department of Architectural, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Architectural, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 3Professor, Department of Architectural, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Throughout human history, housing has consistently been a fundamental need. Today, residential zones play a decisive role in shaping cities; however, they face considerable deficiencies across multiple resilience indicators. Consequently, natural and human-made hazards constitute a core challenge to achieving safety and sustainable security in residential areas. This applied study adopts a descriptive–analytical approach, using documentary research and questionnaires for data collection. First, intentional human-made threats were identified and evaluated with the MARCOS method. Second, indicators for enhancing the resilience of residential zones against these threats were specified and assessed using the IHWP method. Third, the results of the second stage were applied to the case study of the Evin neighborhood. Findings from stage one indicate that, among drone and missile attacks, mortar attacks, terrorist attacks, riots/unrest, arson, chemical attacks, and biological attacks, drone and missile attacks have the highest likelihood of occurrence. Stage-two results show that, in descending order, the criteria of building and structure, land use, urban spatial structure, architecture, supporting urban utilities and facilities, income, employment, population, and social cohesion exert the greatest influence on enhancing residential resilience. In stage three, the resilience of Evin’s residential zones to drone and missile attacks was estimated at 5.73%, signaling a highly unfavorable condition and multiple challenges across the neighborhood’s physical, socio-cultural, and economic dimensions. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Resilience Indicators, Residential Areas, Man-Made Threats, Evin Neighborhood | ||
| مراجع | ||
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