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ارزیابی امکان‌پذیری تهدید بر دارایی‌های آب و فاضلاب شهری در مواجهه با سوانح انسان‌ساخت عمدی (مطالعه موردی: شهر همدان) | ||
| پدافند غیرعامل | ||
| دوره 15، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 59، آبان 1403، صفحه 71-84 اصل مقاله (1.5 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعید گیوه چی* 1؛ علی وجدانی نوذر2؛ بهرام ملک محمدی1 | ||
| 1دانشیار، گروه مهندسی سوانح، آموزش و سیستم های محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی سوانح، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 14 مرداد 1403، تاریخ بازنگری: 22 مرداد 1403، تاریخ پذیرش: 01 مهر 1403 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در عصر کنونی سوانح انسان‌ساخت عمدی با عاملیت دشمن خارجی و داخلی و تهدیدات ناشی از آنها که همواره زیرساخت‌ها و دارایی‌های حیاتی جوامع انسانی را مورد هدف قرار می‌دهد یکی از مهم‌ترین مباحث مدیریت بحران و پدافند غیرعامل است. تاریخچه این نوع سوانح در اقصی‌نقاط جهان نشان می‌دهد؛ مهم‌ترین دلیل و انگیزه دشمن در بالفعل کردن تهدیدات خود؛ ضربه‌زدن به دارایی‌های حیاتی یک جامعه باهدف ایجاد اختلال در امنیت و پایداری و رسیدن به منافع خود (به‌ویژه منافع سیاسی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی) است. در این راستا زیرساخت آب و فاضلاب شهری با مأموریت تأمین آب شرب بهداشتی یکی از دارایی‌های حیاتی جامعه و از طرفی جذاب برای دشمنان است که ضربه به این دارایی معمولاً پیامدهای جبران‌ناپذیری هم بر خود دارایی و هم بر جوامع انسانی برجا می‌گذارد، از مهم‌ترین پیامدهای ناشی از بالفعل شدن تهدید بر دارایی‌های آب و فاضلاب شهری می‌توان به شکل‌گیری بحران اجتماعی و اغتشاشات مردمی اشاره نمود. در این تحقیق باهدف اصلی ارزیابی امکان‌پذیری تهدید بر دارایی‌های آب و فاضلاب شهر همدان در مواجهه با سوانح انسان‌ساخت عمدی، موضوع با استفاده از روش ترکیبی SECA-GIS[1] مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت، نتایج نشان می‌دهد در این شهر از بین معیارهای ارزیابی تهدیدات؛ شدت تهدید با وزن 1844/0، بزرگی تهدید با وزن 1780/0 و سابقه وقوع با وزن 1674/0 به ترتیب اولویت اول تا سوم را به خود اختصاص داده و همچنین از بین تهدیدات سوانح انسان‌ساخت عمدی به‌طورکلی شورش و اغتشاش رتبه اول، حمله هوایی و موشکی رتبه دوم و خرابکاری رتبه سوم را کسب نموده است، لیکن با نگاهی به دسته‌بندی انواع سوانح انسان‌ساخت عمدی؛ حمله هوایی و موشکی (با عاملیت دشمن خارجی) و شورش و اغتشاشات (با عاملیت دشمن داخلی) در منطقه موردمطالعه در رتبه اول قرار دارند و برحسب جذابیت دارایی‌های زیرساخت آب و فاضلاب از دید دشمن؛ تصفیه‌خانه‌هایآب شهر با کسب امتیاز 5072/4 در سطح بحرانی در مواجهه با حملات هوایی و موشکی قرارگرفته که نیازمند انجام اقدامات پیشگیرانه و دفاعی است. [1] Simultaneous Evaluation of Criteria and Alternatives - Geographic Information System | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| امکان پذیری تهدید؛ سوانح انسان ساخت؛ دارایی های شهری؛ آب و فاضلاب؛ همدان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Easibility of Threats to Urban Water and Sewage Assets in the Face of Intentional Man-Made Disasters (Case Study: Hamedan City) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Saeed Givehchi1؛ Ali Vejdani Nozar2؛ Bahram Malekmohammadi1 | ||
| 1Department of Disasters Engineering, Education and Environmental Systems, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Disasters Engineering, Education and Environmental Systems, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In today's era, intentional man-made disasters with external and internal enemy agency and the threats caused by them, which always target the infrastructures and vital assets of human societies, are one of the most important issues of crisis management and passive defense. The history of this type of disasters in all parts of the world shows; The most important reason and motivation of the enemy in actualizing his threats; Attacking the vital assets of a society is aimed at disrupting security and stability and achieving one's own interests (especially political, cultural and economic interests). In this regard, urban water and sewage infrastructure, with the mission of providing sanitary drinking water, is one of the vital assets of the society and on the other hand, it is attractive to the enemies. One of the most important consequences of the actualization of threats to urban water and sewage assets is the formation of social crisis and popular disturbances. In this research, with the main objective of evaluating the possibility of threats to the water and sewage assets of Hamedan city in the face of intentional man-made disasters, the issue was evaluated using the combined SECA-GIS method. The results show that among the threats' evaluation criteria in this city; The intensity of the threat with a weight of 0.1844, the magnitude of the threat with a weight of 0.1780, and the occurrence history with a weight of 0.1674 have been assigned the first to third priority, respectively. Among the threats of intentional man-made disasters, in general, riots and riots rank first, air and missile attacks rank second, and vandalism ranks third. But looking at the classification of man-made disasters; Air and missile attack (by the external enemy) and riots and disturbances (by the internal enemy) are in the first place in the studied area. And according to the attractiveness of water and sewage infrastructure assets from the enemy's point of view; The city's water treatment plants, with a score of 4.5072, are at a critical level, facing air and missile attacks, which require preventive measures and Passive defense. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Feasibility of threats, man-made disasters, urban assets, water and sewage, Hamedan | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 459 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 262 |
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