
تعداد نشریات | 34 |
تعداد شمارهها | 1,292 |
تعداد مقالات | 9,327 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 8,861,805 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 5,365,597 |
بررسی ساختاری نفوذ سیاسی و امنیتی آمریکا در نظام سلطنتی پهلوی دوم | ||
دولت پژوهی ایران معاصر | ||
دوره 11، شماره 1، اردیبهشت 1404، صفحه 137-165 اصل مقاله (1.21 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مسائل سیاسی ایران | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مجتبی نوروزی چلیچه1؛ حسین شیخ زاده2؛ علی محمدی مصیری* 3 | ||
1علوم سیاسی و معارف اسلامی، عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
2عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه خوارزمی | ||
3دکتری تخصصی ـ علوم سیاسی _ جامعه شناسی سیاسی _ دانشگاه تهران | ||
تاریخ دریافت: 15 اسفند 1403، تاریخ بازنگری: 24 فروردین 1404، تاریخ پذیرش: 24 فروردین 1404 | ||
چکیده | ||
مقدمه: درک پویایی قدرت در نظامهای سلطنتی، مستلزم واکاوی سازوکارهای درونی آنها و روابط بیرونیشان با قدرتهای بینالمللی است. در دوره پهلوی دوم، تمرکز بیچونوچرای قدرت در نهاد سلطنت، همزمان با نفوذ رو به گسترش ایالات متحده در سطوح مختلف سیاسی، امنیتی و نظامی، الگویی خاص از وابستگی و نفوذپذیری را در ساختار حکمرانی ایران شکل داد. مسئله پژوهش: مسئله اصلی پژوهش حاضر، تبیین چگونگی درهمتنیدگی میان فروبستگی قدرت در داخل و نفوذ چندسطحی آمریکا در ساختار تصمیمگیری حکومت پهلوی است. این مقاله میکوشد نشان دهد که چگونه این پیوند، به جای تقویت اقتدار رژیم، آن را با بحران مشروعیت و کارآمدی مواجه ساخت و به شکلگیری نوعی پارادوکس ساختاری انجامید؛ رژیمی که در ظاهر قدرتمند بود، اما در عمل از ظرفیت کنش مستقل در برابر فشارهای داخلی و خارجی تهی میشد. روش تحقیق: در این راستا، پژوهش با بهرهگیری از روش کیفی (توصیفی-تحلیلی) و رویکرد جامعهشناسی تاریخی، دادههای خود را از منابع کتابخانهای گردآوری و آنها را در چارچوب مفهومی «دولت نفوذپذیر و فروبسته» تحلیل کرده است. یاقتهها: یافتهها نشان میدهد که نفوذ آمریکا تنها در سطح سیاسی محدود نبوده، بلکه با اشکال پیچیدهتری از حضور امنیتی و نظامی تلفیق شده است. این نفوذ چندلایه، در کنار انسداد ساخت قدرت، نهتنها استقلال تصمیمگیری را تضعیف کرد، بلکه شکاف دولت–جامعه را نیز تعمیق بخشید و نقش تعیینکنندهای در شکنندگی ساختار حکمرانی ایفا کرد. از اینرو، مطالعهی ساختاری نفوذ خارجی در بستر دولتهای فروبسته، میتواند در تحلیل دلایل ناکارآمدی سیاسی و امنیتی رژیمها راهگشا باشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
نفوذ سیاسی ـ امنیتی؛ فروبستگی قدرت؛ نظام سلطنتی پهلوی دوم؛ دولت نفوذپذیر | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Structural Analysis of U.S. Political and Security Influence in the Pahlavi Monarchy | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
, Mojtaba Norouzi Chelicheh1؛ Hossein Sheikhzadeh2؛ ali Mohamadi Masiri3 | ||
1University of Shahrekord | ||
2Kharazmi University | ||
3University of Tehran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Introduction: Understanding the dynamics of power in monarchical systems requires an examination of their internal mechanisms and their external relations with international powers. During the Pahlavi era, the concentration of power within the monarchy, alongside the expanding influence of the United States in political, security, and military domains, shaped a unique pattern of dependency and susceptibility in Iran's governance structure. Research Problem: The central issue of this study is to elucidate the intertwining of internal power consolidation and the multifaceted American influence on the decision-making structure of the Pahlavi regime. This paper seeks to demonstrate how this connection, rather than strengthening the regime's authority, led it to face crises of legitimacy and efficiency, resulting in a structural paradox: a regime that appeared powerful but was, in practice, devoid of the capacity for independent action in the face of both internal and external pressures. Methodology: This research employs a qualitative (descriptive-analytical) approach and a historical sociology framework, gathering data from library sources and analyzing them within the conceptual framework of a "permeable and closed state." Findings: The findings show that American influence was not confined to the political sphere but was also intricately woven with complex forms of security and military presence. This multilayered influence, combined with the closure of power structures, not only weakened decision-making independence but also deepened the government-society divide, playing a decisive role in the fragility of the governance structure. Therefore, studying the structural influence of external forces in the context of closed states can offer valuable insights into the political and security inefficiencies of regimes. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Political-Security Influence, Power Closure, Pahlavi Monarchy, Permeable State | ||
مراجع | ||
Articles
Doustdar, R., & Zoghi, S. (2019). Investigating the concept of "infiltration" in the political thought of Ayatollah Khamenei. Basirat and Islamic Education Quarterly, 16,37–66. [InPersian] Gharasban Rouzbehani, M. (2016). Infiltration and penetration; examining the dimensions of enemy infiltration: political, economic, and security infiltration. Moballeghan Journal, 210, 52–61. [In Persian] No Rousta, Z. (2019). Cultural and political infiltration of the enemy in post-revolutionary Iran. Islamic Revolution Studies and Strategic Humanities Quarterly, 19. [In Persian] Metqi, E., & Amini, H. (2017). Semiotics of infiltration in Iran's foreign policy (with emphasis on the 2010s). Afaq-e Amniyat Journal (Imam Hussein University), 10(35). [In Persian] Shafiei, J., et al. (2024). Effective tools of the United States for advancing infiltration strategies in Iran (from 1991 to 2009). Afaq-e Amniyat Journal (Imam Hussein University), 17(63). [In Persian] Aalibaigi, K. (2024). Theorizing the foundations of infiltration from an intelligence perspective (schools, levels, approaches, domains, tools, and operational techniques). Afaq-e Amniyat Journal (Imam Hussein University), 17(63). [In Persian]
Books
Asadi, F. (2015). Political relations between Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and the United States during Carter’s presidency. Tehran: Center for Islamic Revolution Documents. [In Persian] Askari, Sh. (2014). Military advisors in Iran. Tehran: Center for Islamic Revolution Documents. [In Persian] Bashiriyeh, H. (2001). Obstacles to political development in Iran. Tehran: Gam-e No. [In Persian] Bashiriyeh, H. (2019). State and revolution in Iran. Tehran: Mania Honar Publishing. [In Persian] Beigdeloo, R. (2016). U.S. public diplomacy in Iran during the second Pahlavi era. Tehran: Center for Islamic Revolution Documents. [In Persian] Bill, J. (1992). The Lion and the Eagle (Trans. F. Barlian). Tehran: Fakhteh Publishing. [In Persian] Bodaqi, H. R. (2010). A study of Iran–U.S. political relations. Tehran: Ministry of Foreign Affairs Publications. [In Persian] Brock, L., et al. (2015). Fragile states: Sociology of war and conflict in the modern world (Trans. A. Rashidi). Tehran: Amir Kabir Publications. [In Persian] Brooker, P. (2005). Non-democratic regimes (Trans. A. S. Esfahani). Tehran: Kavir Publishing. [In Persian] Chaman-Khah, L. (2012). Baháʼísm and the Pahlavi regime. Tehran: Negah Mo'aser Publishing. [In Persian] Cohen, Benjamin (2000), The Question of Imperialism: The Political Economy of Dominance and Dependence. New York: Basic Books. David, S. R. (1991). Explaining Third World Alignment. World Politics, 43(2), 233-256. Doldam, S. (1993). Life and memoirs of Amir-Abbas Hoveyda. Tehran: Gulfam Publishing. [In Persian] Eskandarian, G. (2018). Iran–U.S. relations (Trans. G. Sarkisian). Tehran: Sales Publishing. [In Persian] Fakouhi, N. (2017). A reflection on the issue of power in Iran. Tehran: Agah Publishing. [In Persian] Fardoust, H. (1992). The rise and fall of the Pahlavi monarchy. Tehran: Institute for Political and Strategic Studies. [In Persian] Farooqi, A. & Loverurier, J. (1979). Iran against the Shah (Trans. M. Naraghi). Tehran: Amir Kabir Publishing Institute. [In Persian] Fouladzadeh, A. (1990). The Pahlavi monarchy in Iran, Vol. 2. Qom: Center for Publishing Islamic Thoughts. [In Persian] Francesco, R. E. (2015). Pathology of emerging states (Trans. Research and Knowledge Production Department). Tehran: Intelligence Faculty Publications. [In Persian] Gasiorowski, M. J. (1992). U.S. foreign policy and the Shah. Tehran: Markaz Publishing. [In Persian] Hajizadeh, A. & Darini, M. (2007). Global arrogance and the Great Satan from the viewpoint of Imam Khomeini. Tehran: Arouj Publishing. [In Persian] Hamilton Lytle Mark (2007), The Origins of The Iranian – American Alliance, Holmes and Meier, Publishers. -Rubin, B. R. (2002). The Fragmentation of Afghanistan: State Formation and Collapse in the International System. Yale University Press. Hughes. Jeffrey L (2006), On Bargaining in Triska, Dominant Powers and 80. Subordinate states (New York: Macmillan). Jamshidi, M. H. (1999). U.S. behavior toward the National Movement. Tehran: Center for Islamic Revolution Documents. [In Persian] Kathem, R. & Laqueur, W. (1983). The U.S., Iran, the Cold War, and Farewell to the American Shah (Trans. M. A. Atashbarg). Tehran: International Publishing. [In Persian] Katouzian, M. A. (2002). State and society in Iran (Trans. A. Tayeb). Tehran: Ney Publishing. [In Persian] Katouzian, M. A. (2013). The theory of the state in Iran. Tehran: Markaz Publishing. [In Persian] Kia, B. (1997). The army of darkness. Tehran: Center for Translation and Publishing of Books. [In Persian] Laing, M. (1992). Interview with the Shah (Trans. A. Rowshangar). Tehran: Alborz Publishing. [In Persian] Leiten, W. (1997). Iran: From peaceful influence to protectorate (Trans. M. Mirahmadi). Tehran: Moein Publishing. [In Persian] Lichtheim, Gorge (2005), Imperialism Commentary XLXL, New York: Praeger Publishers. Mahdavi, A. H. (1994). Iran’s foreign policy during the Pahlavi era. Tehran: Alborz Publishing. [In Persian] Manouchehri, A., et al. (2014). Approaches and methods in political science. Tehran: SAMT Publications. [In Persian] Mansouri, J. (1985). 25 years of U.S. dominance in Iran. Tehran: Amir Kabir Publishing. [In Persian] Mohammadi, M. (2010). A review of Iran’s foreign policy during the Pahlavi era. Tehran: Dadgostar Publishing. [In Persian] Moradijou, A. (2008). Power groups in the political structure of the Second Pahlavi period. Qom: Etedal Publishing. [In Persian] Najari-Rad, T. (2002). Cooperation between SAVAK and Mossad. Tehran: Center for Islamic Revolution Documents. [In Persian] Ne’mati, N. (2015). Iran–U.S. relations during the second Pahlavi era. Tehran: Mo'aser Publishing. [In Persian] Pasha Saleh, A. (1976). Cultural ties between Iran and the United States. Tehran: Secretariat of the U.S. Revolution Bicentennial Committee. [In Persian] Raji, P. (1994). Servants of the Peacock Throne (Trans. H. A. Mehran). Tehran: Ettelaat Publishing. [In Persian] Sanaei, V. (2017). Absolute government, military, and politics in Iran. Mashhad: Ferdowsi University Press. [In Persian] Sanjar, E. (1989). U.S. influence in Iran. Tehran: Hamrah Publishing. [In Persian] Sari’alqom, M. (2018). Iranian authoritarianism during the Pahlavi era. Tehran: Gandhi Publishing. [In Persian] Shakibi, Z. (2021). Occidentalism and Pahlavism ideology (Trans. A. Jang). Tehran: Sahami Company. [In Persian] Shawcross, W. (1991). The Shah's last journey (Trans. A. Houshang Mahdavi). Tehran: Alborz Publishing. [In Persian] Shirazi, A. (1976). The past as the guide to the future. Tehran: Jami Publishing. [In Persian] Shoemaker. Christopher c and John Spainer (2001), Patron-Client state Relationships: Multilateral Crises in the Nuclear Age (New YORK: Praeger). Strauss, A. and Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of Qualitative Research Techniques and Developing Grounded Theory. CA; Sage. Velayati, A. A. (2004). An analysis of the nature of U.S. power and foreign policy and the issue of relations with the U.S. Qom: Cultural Center of the Supreme Leader’s Office. [In Persian] Yaselson, A. (1989). Iran–U.S. political relations (Trans. M. A. Aram). Tehran: Amir Kabir Publishing Institute. [In Persian] Yazdani, H. (2005). As narrated in SAVAK documents. Tehran: Center for Historical Document Studies, Ministry of Intelligence. [In Persian] Zavvosh, M. H. (1983). The connection between Freemasonry, Zionism, and imperialism. Tehran: Ayandeh Publishing. [In Persian] | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 44 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 23 |