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میرغفوری, سید حبیب اله, رعیت پور, محمدمحسن, صفاری دربرزی, علی. (1404). تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر جریان دانش با استفاده از تکنیک‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندشاخصه (مورد مطالعه: شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان پارک علم و فناوری یزد). پدافند الکترونیکی و سایبری, 8(3), 147-175. doi: 10.47176/smok.2025.1940
سید حبیب اله میرغفوری; محمدمحسن رعیت پور; علی صفاری دربرزی. "تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر جریان دانش با استفاده از تکنیک‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندشاخصه (مورد مطالعه: شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان پارک علم و فناوری یزد)". پدافند الکترونیکی و سایبری, 8, 3, 1404, 147-175. doi: 10.47176/smok.2025.1940
میرغفوری, سید حبیب اله, رعیت پور, محمدمحسن, صفاری دربرزی, علی. (1404). 'تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر جریان دانش با استفاده از تکنیک‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندشاخصه (مورد مطالعه: شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان پارک علم و فناوری یزد)', پدافند الکترونیکی و سایبری, 8(3), pp. 147-175. doi: 10.47176/smok.2025.1940
میرغفوری, سید حبیب اله, رعیت پور, محمدمحسن, صفاری دربرزی, علی. تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر جریان دانش با استفاده از تکنیک‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندشاخصه (مورد مطالعه: شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان پارک علم و فناوری یزد). پدافند الکترونیکی و سایبری, 1404; 8(3): 147-175. doi: 10.47176/smok.2025.1940

تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر جریان دانش با استفاده از تکنیک‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندشاخصه (مورد مطالعه: شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان پارک علم و فناوری یزد)

مدیریت راهبردی دانش سازمانی
دوره 8، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 30، مهر 1404، صفحه 147-175    اصل مقاله (1.35 M)
نوع مقاله: مطالعه موردی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.47176/smok.2025.1940
نویسندگان
سید حبیب اله میرغفوری* 1؛ محمدمحسن رعیت پور2؛ علی صفاری دربرزی3
1دانشیار گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
2کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علم و هنر، یزد، ایران
3استادیار گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، مجتمع آموزش عالی بم، بم، ایران.
چکیده
هدف: در عصر دانش‌بنیان، دانش به عنوان یک سرمایه غیرملموس نقش حیاتی در موفقیت سازمان‌ها ایفا می‌کند. جریان دانش، که به تبادل اطلاعات و همکاری بین افراد وابسته است، به‌روزرسانی دانش و پیشبرد تحقیقات جدید را تسهیل می‌کند. شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان به عنوان بازیگران اصلی در اقتصاد دانش‌محور، نیازمند مدیریت مؤثر جریان دانش برای حفظ رقابت‌پذیری و نوآوری هستند. این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی عوامل مؤثر بر جریان دانش در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان مستقر در پارک علم و فناوری یزد انجام شده است.
روش پژوهش: این پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از حیث روش، توصیفی-پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری شامل مدیران و کارکنان 42 شرکت دانش‌بنیان فعال در پارک علم و فناوری یزد و خبرگان دانشگاهی بوده و با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری گلوله‌برفی، تعداد 10 نفر از خبرگان و متخصصان مرتبط با حوزه مدیریت دانش به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شد. این پژوهش از روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندشاخصه شامل تکنیک‌های سوارا، آراس و کوکوسو استفاده کرده است. ابتدا عوامل مؤثر بر جریان دانش از طریق بررسی ادبیات و پیشینه پژوهش استخراج شد. سپس، پرسشنامه‌هایی طراحی و در اختیار خبرگان شامل مدیران، کارکنان شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان و اساتید دانشگاهی قرار گرفت. روایی ابزار پژوهش از طریق تأیید ساختار مفهومی توسط خبرگان و اساتید دانشگاهی بررسی و تأیید شد. همچنین، پایایی نتایج از طریق مقایسه تطبیقی رتبه‌بندی‌ها در سه تکنیک مختلف و تأیید مجدد آن‌ها توسط خبرگان بررسی گردید که حاکی از ثبات و اعتبار مطلوب یافته‌ها است. داده‌های جمع‌آوری‌شده با استفاده از روش‌های مذکور تحلیل و رتبه‌بندی شد. در نهایت، برای تلفیق نتایج، از روش میانگین رتبه‌ها استفاده شده است.
یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که مهم‌ترین عوامل مؤثر بر جریان دانش در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان پارک علم و فناوری یزد به ترتیب شامل حمایت و تعهد مدیریت (C8) با میانگین رتبه 1، آموزش مستمر (C4) با میانگین رتبه 33/3، زیرساخت فناوری اطلاعات (E1) با میانگین رتبه 67/4، کار تیمی (A2) با میانگین رتبه 5، وجدان کاری (A1) با میانگین رتبه 67/5 و حمایت از کار تیمی (B5) با میانگین رتبه 6 بوده‌اند. این عوامل، نقش کلیدی در تسهیل جریان دانش ایفا کرده است. حمایت و تعهد مدیریت، به‌عنوان مؤثرترین عامل، بیانگر تأثیر پررنگ رهبری سازمانی در شکل‌دهی فرهنگ دانش‌محور است. آموزش مستمر و زیرساخت فناوری اطلاعات، بستر به‌روزرسانی و دسترسی به دانش را فراهم کردند. عوامل انسانی مانند کار تیمی نیز با تقویت تعاملات سازمانی، به جریان مؤثر دانش در این شرکت‌ها کمک نمودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: برای ارتقای سطح دانش و تسهیل تبادل اطلاعات در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان مستقر در پارک علم و فناوری یزد، توجه به عوامل شناسایی‌شده ضروری است. مدیران این شرکت‌ها می‌توانند با تقویت حمایت مدیریتی، توسعه زیرساخت‌های فناوری اطلاعات و تشویق کار تیمی و آموزش مستمر، جریان دانش را در سازمان‌های خود بهبود بخشند. این اقدامات نه‌تنها به پیشرفت اقتصادی شرکت‌ها کمک می‌کند، بلکه نقش مهمی در توسعه اجتماعی و فرهنگی ایفا می‌نماید.
اصالت/ارزش: این پژوهش از نظر روش‌شناسی دارای ارزش و اصالت علمی قابل‌توجهی است؛ چرا که با ترکیب نوآورانه سه تکنیک تصمیم‌گیری چندشاخصه (سوارا، آراس و کوکوسو) به تحلیل و رتبه‌بندی عوامل مؤثر بر جریان دانش پرداخته است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
پارک علم و فناوری؛ تکنیک آراس؛ تکنیک سوارا؛ تکنیک کوکوسو؛ جریان دانش؛ روش میانگین رتبه‌ها؛ شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان
عنوان مقاله [English]
Analysis Of Factors Influencing Knowledge Flow Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques (The Case Of Study: Knowledge-Based Companies In Yazd Science And Technology Park)
نویسندگان [English]
Seyyed Habibollah Mirghafoori1؛ Mohamad mohsen Rayatpoor2؛ Ali Saffari Darberazi3
1Associate Professor of Industrial Management, Faculty of Economics, Management, and Accounting, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
2M.Sc. in Industrial Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, University of Science and Arts, Yazd, Iran
3Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bam Higher Education Complex, Bam, Iran
چکیده [English]
Purpose: In the knowledge-based era, knowledge as an intangible asset plays a vital role in the success of organizations. Knowledge flow, which relies on information exchange and collaboration among individuals, facilitates the updating of knowledge and the advancement of new research. Knowledge-based companies, as key players in the knowledge-driven economy, require effective management of knowledge flow to maintain competitiveness and foster innovation. This study aims to identify and prioritize the factors influencing knowledge flow in knowledge-based companies located in the Yazd Science and Technology Park.
Methodology: This research employs multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques, including SWARA, ARAS, and COCOSO. Initially, factors affecting knowledge flow were extracted through a comprehensive review of literature and prior research. Subsequently, questionnaires were designed and distributed to experts, including managers, employees of knowledge-based companies, and academic professionals. The statistical population of this study consisted of managers and employees of knowledge-based companies in the Yazd Science and Technology Park, as well as academic experts. The collected data were analyzed and ranked using the aforementioned techniques. Finally, the results were integrated using the rank averaging method.
Findings: The results revealed that the most significant factors influencing knowledge flow in knowledge-based companies are management support and commitment (C8), continuous training (C4), IT infrastructure (E1), teamwork (A2), work ethic (A1), and support for teamwork (B5). These factors, in order of priority, play a key role in facilitating knowledge flow. Management support and commitment emerged as the most critical factor, highlighting the significant impact of leadership in fostering an organizational culture conducive to knowledge exchange. Continuous training and IT infrastructure were also identified as vital factors, enabling access to and updating of knowledge. Teamwork and work ethic, as human factors, enhance interaction and collaboration among employees.`
Research limitations/implications: While this study employs an innovative combination of multi-criteria methods to comprehensively analyze knowledge flow factors, it has certain limitations, including its focus on companies in Yazd Science and Technology Park (which necessitates additional studies to generalize findings to other regions) and partial reliance on expert opinions (which may be subject to cognitive biases). Nevertheless, the findings can serve as a foundation for designing policy models in technology parks, developing training programs to enhance human factors affecting knowledge flow, and improving technological infrastructure in knowledge-based companies. Furthermore, the proposed hybrid methodology can provide a framework for future research in other knowledge management domains.
Practical implications: The findings of this study can significantly assist managers of knowledge-based companies in developing operational strategies to enhance knowledge flow. Specifically, highlighting the crucial role of "management support and commitment" underscores the need for senior executives to foster an organizational culture conducive to knowledge sharing. Additionally, identifying key factors such as "continuous training" and "IT infrastructure" provides clear directions for future investments. The study recommends that policymakers in science and technology parks design specialized support programs to strengthen teamwork and develop knowledge infrastructure. On a broader scale, the proposed model can serve as a framework for evaluating the effectiveness of national-level initiatives aimed at developing knowledge-based ecosystems.
Originality/value: This study offers unique scientific originality and value from multiple perspectives. Methodologically, the innovative integration of three multi-criteria decision-making techniques (SWARA, ARAS, and COCOSO) for analyzing knowledge flow factors presents a pioneering approach in knowledge management literature, enhancing result accuracy and reliability while enabling comprehensive findings comparison. The research's focus on knowledge-based companies in Yazd Science and Technology Park as a distinctive sample of Iran's innovation ecosystems addresses existing gaps in regional studies. The practical findings, particularly identifying "management support and commitment" as a key factor, not only emphasize leadership's vital role in shaping knowledge-oriented culture but also provide an operational framework for policymaking in other science and technology parks nationwide. Furthermore, the study bridges theory and practice through empirical evidence of simultaneous impacts from human factors (e.g., work ethics) and technological factors (e.g., IT infrastructure) on knowledge flow, transcending traditional boundaries in knowledge management research. Notably, this represents the first study simultaneously applying SWARA, ARAS, and COCOSO methods to analyze knowledge flow in Iranian knowledge-based companies, significantly enhancing its scientific value and innovation.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Science and Technology Park, ARAS Technique, SWARA Technique, COCOsO Technique, Knowledge Flow, Rank Averaging Method, Knowledge-Based
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