اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات34
تعداد شماره‌ها1,289
تعداد مقالات9,294
تعداد مشاهده مقاله8,800,296
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله5,339,822
نوری زاده, مسلم, دارا, جلیل, نوری ممبنی, زینب. (1402). فرار مغزها و کیفیت حکمرانی با تاکید بر پدیده سیاست‌زدگی در ایران معاصر. پدافند الکترونیکی و سایبری, 9(2), 93-118.
مسلم نوری زاده; جلیل دارا; زینب نوری ممبنی. "فرار مغزها و کیفیت حکمرانی با تاکید بر پدیده سیاست‌زدگی در ایران معاصر". پدافند الکترونیکی و سایبری, 9, 2, 1402, 93-118.
نوری زاده, مسلم, دارا, جلیل, نوری ممبنی, زینب. (1402). 'فرار مغزها و کیفیت حکمرانی با تاکید بر پدیده سیاست‌زدگی در ایران معاصر', پدافند الکترونیکی و سایبری, 9(2), pp. 93-118.
نوری زاده, مسلم, دارا, جلیل, نوری ممبنی, زینب. فرار مغزها و کیفیت حکمرانی با تاکید بر پدیده سیاست‌زدگی در ایران معاصر. پدافند الکترونیکی و سایبری, 1402; 9(2): 93-118.

فرار مغزها و کیفیت حکمرانی با تاکید بر پدیده سیاست‌زدگی در ایران معاصر

دولت پژوهی ایران معاصر
مقاله 4، دوره 9، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 19، شهریور 1402، صفحه 93-118    اصل مقاله (1.51 M)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
مسلم نوری زاده* 1؛ جلیل دارا2؛ زینب نوری ممبنی3
1دانشجوی دکتری رشته علوم سیاسی دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
2دانشیار گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران،تهران، ایران
3دکترای فلسفه تعلیم و تربیت دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز ، ایران
تاریخ دریافت: 24 اردیبهشت 1402،  تاریخ بازنگری: 06 مرداد 1402،  تاریخ پذیرش: 29 مرداد 1402 
چکیده
نوشتار حاضر ضمن بررسی مفهوم فرار مغزها و رویکردها و الگوهای حاکم بر این پدیده، به واکاوی علل فرار مغزها در ایران با تاکید بر عوامل سیاسی (حکمرانی نامطلوب و پدیده سیاست‌زدگی) و ارائه راهکارهایی جهت کاهش این امر پرداخته است. این پژوهش با روش توصیفی-‌تحلیلی و با مراجعه به منابع کتاب‌خانه‌ ای انجام شده‌است. در بسیاری از کشورهای در حال توسعه، خروج نخبگان از کشور که معمولا هزینه تربیت آنها بسیار زیاد می‌باشد، زیان-های غیر‌قابل جبرانی به آن‌ها وارد می‌کند. پدیده فرار مغزها در ایران بنا به دلایل مختلف اقتصادی، فرهنگی، سیاسی و‌... در سال‌های اخیر فراگیر و گاهاً بحران‌زا شده است. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که به لحاظ سیاسی، پدیده فرار مغزها حاصل سیاست‌زدگی و حکمرانی نامطلوب می‌باشد که خود معلول مداخله امر سیاسی بر روابط اجتماعی است. این موضوع منجر به در اولویت قرار گرفتن منافع شخصی و یا دسته‌ایِ گروه حاکم شده و به این ترتیب مانع برنامه‌ریزی و سیاست‌گذاری منطقی و اصولی می‌شود. تا زمان حاکم بودن چنین روندی، حکومت از شاخصه‌های حکمرانی خوب (‌شفافیت و پاسخگویی، ثبات سیاسی و عدم خشونت، اثربخشی دولت،کیفیت تنظیم‌گری قوانین، تامین قضایی، کنترل فساد) فاصله می‌گیرد که خود پیامدهایی هم‌چون فرار مغز‌ها را به دنبال خواهد داشت.
کلیدواژه‌ها
حمکرانی مطلوب؛ دولت؛ فرار مغزها؛ مهاجرت؛ ایران
عنوان مقاله [English]
Brain drain and the quality of governance with an emphasis on the phenomenon of politicization in Iran
نویسندگان [English]
Moslem Noorizadeh1؛ Jalil Dara2؛ zeinab noori mombeyni3
1PhD, student of Political Science, University of Isfahan,Iran.
2Member of the Faculty of Political Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
3PhD in Philosophy of Education, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz
چکیده [English]
While examining the concept of brain drain and the approaches and patterns governing this phenomenon, this article has analyzed the causes of brain drain in Iran with emphasis on political factors (unfavorable governance and the phenomenon of politicization) and presented solutions to reduce this phenomenon. This research was done with descriptive-analytical method and by referring to library sources. In many developing countries, the departure of elites from the country, whose education costs are usually very high, causes irreparable losses to them. The phenomenon of brain drain in Iran due to various economic, cultural, political, etc. reasons has become pervasive and sometimes a crisis in recent years. The findings of this research show that politically, the phenomenon of brain drain is the result of politicization and unfavorable governance, which itself is the result of political intervention on social relations. This issue leads to the prioritization of personal or group interests of the ruling group, and in this way it hinders logical and principled planning and policy making. As long as such a trend prevails, the government of such a country will distance itself from the characteristics of good governance (transparency and accountability, political stability and non-violence, government effectiveness, quality of law enforcement, judicial provision, corruption control), which are consequences. Because it leads to brain drain.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Desirable cooperation, politicization, brain drain, immigration, Iran
مراجع
  1. Amini, Ansar. (1394). The development and the problem of the escape of elites from Iran, International Conference on Migration: Patterns, Consequences and Policies, Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University / [In Persian] .
  2. Amirshaghaghi, Shahin. (1394). A multi-layered sociological study, migration (elite), international conference on migration: patterns, consequences and policies, Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University / [In Persian] .
  3. Asgari, Heshmatullah, Taqvi, Mehdi, (2013), a new approach to the problem of brain drain and its role in the accumulation of human capital in the countries of origin, Economic Research, 45, 90, 118-95 / [In Persian] .
  4. Chalabi, Massoud, Abbasi, Rasool, (2018), comparative analysis of brain drain at micro and macro levels, Research Journal of Human Sciences, (42-41), 13-46 / [In Persian] .
  5. Dehghan, Mehdi, (2012), from brain drain to the new and unknown phenomenon of brain exchange, Political Science: Political--Economic Information, 191, 229-220 / [In Persian]
  6. Dehghan-Shabani, Zahra, Hadian, Ebrahim, Nasirzadeh, Faezeh, (2015), The effect of the composition of human capital on the regional growth of the Iranian economy: a spatial dynamic panel data approach. Iran Economic Research, 21, 66, 272-249 / [In Persian] .
  7. Farastkhah, Maqsood, (2016), academic independence in Iran; Promoters and Inhibitors, Proceedings of the National Conference on Independence of Universities: Challenges and Strategies, Tehran: Allameh Tabatabai University / [In Persian].
  8. Fuladi, Mohammad, (1389), investigation of the phenomenon of brain drain, its effects and consequences, Marafet, 53, 83-93 / [In Persian] .
  9. Horri, Alireza, Jalali, Seyyed Abdul Majid, and Hamza Nejad, Nasim. (2014). Investigating the effect of brain drain on Iran's production and foreign trade using a computable general equilibrium model, Quarterly Journal of Applied Economic Theory, 1, 2, 44-25 / [In Persian] .
  10. Iran Chamber of Commerce and Economic Research Center, (1378), "Brain drain and how it spreads", Chamber of Commerce, 8 / [In Persian] .
  11. Khatibi, Ameneh, (2014), Sociological investigation of factors affecting the tendency of elite students to emigrate from the country (case study, Tehran University students), International Conference on Migration: Patterns, Consequences and Policies, Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University / [In Persian] .
  12. Mir Bagheri, Mohammad Hossein and Davami, Parviz, (2014), brain drain, causes and motivations, Iran Engineering Education, ‌8, 31, 1-23 / [In Persian] .
  13. Mirtorabi, Saeed, Khavarinejad, Saeed, (2013), The causes of elite migration from Iran from the perspective of international political economy, International Political Research, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza Branch, 19, 199-233/ [In Persian] .
  14. Rostami-Hasuri, Hajar, (2014), the effect of migration of skilled manpower (brain drain) on poverty in developing countries. Financial and economic policies, 2, 5, 104-93 / [In Persian] .
  15. Safarian, Ruhollah, Imam Jumezadeh, Seyyed Javad, (2016). The model of good governance, social capital and comprehensive development, Dolat-Pozhuhi, 3, 14, 181-145 / [In Persian] .
  16. Seyed Mirzaei, Seyed Mohammad, (2013), A look at the phenomenon of brain drain, Cultural Research, 9, 81-98 / [In Persian].
  17. Shah-Abadi, Abolfazl, Karim-Keshte, Mohammad-Hossein and Mahmoudi, Abdullah, (2018), Investigating factors affecting brain drain (case study of Iran), Business Journal, Vol. 39, 39-82 / [In Persian] .
  18. Shah-Abadi, Abolfazl, Pouran, Roghieh, (2019, investigation and calculation of the effect of brain migration on Iran's economic growth through direct and indirect channels), Business Research, 55, 1-46 / [In Persian] .
  19. Shariat, Reza, (1381), brain drain, work and society, 43, 22-27 / [In Persian] .
  20. Tawakkol, Mohammad, Irfan Manesh, Iman (2013), qualitative meta-analysis of scientific articles on the issue of brain drain in Iran, Iranian Social Issues Quarterly, 5, (1), 45-75 / [In Persian] .
  21. Zamani, Seyyed Ghasem and Shakib Menesh, Hoda. (2018). The position of the principle of legitimate expectations in the World Trade Organization. Public Law Research, 21(64), 9-32 / [In Persian] .
  22. Bayat, Abdul Rasul. (1381). Dictionary of Words, Qom: Institute of Religious Thought and Culture / [In Persian] .
  23. Burke, Andrew& Elliott, Mark, Iran. LONELY PLANET .(2008) ISBN 1- 74104-293-3 pp.53
  24. Clifford, C., & Wright, V. (1997), "The Politicization of the British Civil Service: Ambitions, Limits and Conceptual Problems", Unpublished paper, Oxford: Nuffield College.
  25. Iran Migration Observatory, Policy Institute of Sharif University of Technology. (1400) Iranian Migration Yearbook 1400, Tehran: Danesh Banian Fanavar / [In Persian] .
  26. Peters, Guy, & Pierre, J. (2004), "Politicization of the civil service: concepts, causes, consequences", In B. G. Peters & J.
  27. Pierre (Ed.), Politicization of the Civil Service in Comparative Perspective: The quest for control (Routledge Studies in Governance and Public Policy) (pp.1-13), London & New York: Taylor & Francis e-Library.
  28. Rashno, Nabi Elah, (2012), Geopolitics of Elites, Tehran: Kabir / [In Persian] .
  29. Salavati, Bahram, (1400), Iranian Migration Yearbook 1400, Tehran: Danesh Banian Fanavar/ [In Persian] .
  30. World Bank Report, (2007), Higher Education in Developing Countries: Fear and Hope, translated by Fatemeh Bagharian and Esmet Fazli, Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University (date of publication in the original language, 2000) / [In Persian] .
  31. Davarzani, Tahereh. (1385). Pathological examination of brain drain with emphasis on social and / [In Persian] .cultural consequences. Master's thesis, Al-Zahra University.
  32. Jameh Bozordi, Amina (2012), the effect of governance and intellectual property rights on the migration of elites from selected developing countries to the United States of America. Master's thesis in the field of economic sciences, Abu Ali Sina University / [In Persian] .
  33. Shabanlou, Rahim, (2008), study of the tendency of students to emigrate from the country, master's thesis, Tarbiat Modares University / [In Persian] .
  34. Waqofi, Hassan, (2014), causes and consequences of brain drain in Iran. Master's thesis, Khwarazmi University, Tehran / [In Persian] .
  35. Asriran analysis site, (29/12/2019), a conversation with Nasser Fakuhi about the politicization of contemporary Iranian people, Asri Iran analysis site, accessible at https://www.asriran.com / [In Persian] .
  36. Farand's analytical site (08/09/1400), article on the philosophy of brain drain in Iran and the world, accessible at https://frand.ir / [In Persian] .
  37. Farday Eghtesad site, (22/06/1401), article on Iran's score in economic freedom, reference medium of economic trends accessible at https://www.fardayeeghtesad.com / [In Persian]
  38. ISNA News Agency (ISNA), (09/01/2018) in a conversation with Emad Afrough, accessible at https://www.isna.ir / [In Persian].
آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 314
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 411