بازخوانی اصول و مفاهیم پدافند غیرعامل در شهر تاریخی ماسوله

[1] B. Vasigh, “Studying on Design Strategies Based on Passive Defense in District Texture (Case Study: Ilam),” Passive Defense Quarterly. vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 13-22, 2016. (In Persian) https://pd.ihu.ac.ir/article_200702_ca364134899d2cd256e0f169193a2ef7.pdf

[2] S. M. Farzam, “Considerations for the design of enclosures from the point of view of passive defense,” Passive Defense Quarterly. vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 57-75, 2010. (In Persian) https://pd.ihu.ac.ir/article_200587_504d1944c6faf2db15774c234b310e53.pdf

[3] G. Jalali Farahani and M. Araghizadeh, “Explanation of architectural design role on achieving passive defense goals in buildings,” Sustainable Architecture and Urban Design, vol. 1, no. 1. pp. 67-75, 2013. (In Persian) https://jsaud.sru.ac.ir/article_184_46777efb2ef49bf32106615224c717bd.pdf?lang=en

[4] M. Beyranvand and K. Momeni, “Clarifying the Principles of Passive Defense in the Architectural Design of Underground Residential Complexes by Delphi Method,” Passive Defense Quarterly. vol. 10, no. 3. pp. 39-50, 2019. (In Persian). https://pd.ihu.ac.ir/article_204786_3cba3ee914a3df8f29cdbb598c27f66d.pdf?lang=en

[5] S. Dehbani and H. Rezaei, “A Strategic Approach to the Spatial Organization with Emphasizing on Converging Sustainable Architecture and Passive Defense,” Passive Defense Quarterly, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 63-77, 2023. (In Persian). https://pd.ihu.ac.ir/article_207888_2b0f9c937398ff81bee69966d8e5d128.pdf?lang=en

]6 [M. Ghouchani and A. Khorram, F. Gholizade, S. Rafiei, “Evaluate the efficiency of contextual elements in reducing the vulnerability of urban historical fabrics based on passive defense principles,” Ain Shams Engineering Journal.; vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 101837, 2023.  https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.asej.2022.101837

[7] S. Hasanpour Loumer, A. Nejad Ebrahimi, H. Sattarisarbangholi, A. Vandshoari, “Recognition of Girih tiling and Ghavarebari patterns and motifs in fixed windows and openings of Asad-Mahaleh in Masouleh,” Negarineh Islamic Art. vol. 9, no. 24, pp. 58-73, 2023. (In Persian). https://doi.org/  10.22077/NIA.2022.5652.1649

[8] S. Hasanpour Loumer, A. Nejadebrahimi, H. Sattarisarbangholi, and A. Vandshoari, “Understanding the Cultural Components Affecting the Formation of the Architectural Ornamentation of the Historical City of Masouleh,” National Studies Journal. vol. 24, no. 93, pp. 59-80, 2023. (In Persian). https://doi.org/ 20.1001.1.1735059.1402.24.93.3.7

[9] K. Momeni, K. Atariyan, M. Shirzad, M B, and N. Haji, “Recognition of passive defense principles in architectural design of Ganjavian Hospital in Dezful,” Passive Defense Quarterly, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 29-37, 2018. (In Persian) . https://dorl.net/dor/ 20.1001.1.20086849.1396.8.4.3.7

[10] H. Huseini Amini, S. Amiriyan, S. Bodaghlo, B. A. Nayeri, and Y. Peyvastegar, “Evaluation of Urban Structure in the Planning of Civil Defense Using SWOT (Case Study: Bushehr City),” Geography (Regional Planning). Vol. 9, no. 34, pp. 539-555, 2019. (In Persian). https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.22286462.1398.9.2.33.9

[11] M. Pouryarmohammadi, H. Ahmadi, and A. Salaripour, “Developing physical resilience strategies in passive defense according to identification of endangered areas of urban environments (case study: Ahvaz city),” International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment. vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 14-1, 2021.  https://doi.org/ 10.1108/IJDRBE-08-2020-0086

[12] O. Mobaraki, A. Valigolizadeh, and A. Norozi, “City Vulnerability Assessment with Passive Defense Approach; a Case Study: Rasht City,” Iran. Journal of Rescue Relief. vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 11-21, 2019. (In Persian). https://dorl.net/dor/ 10.52547/jorar.11.1.11

[13] H. Hossaini Amini, D. Amini, H. Kamran, “Application of passive defense in urban housing planning,” Journal of Urban - Regional Studies and Research. vol. 4, no. 15, pp. 57-88, 2013. (In Persian).https://urs.ui.ac.ir/article_20033_2a7111e9bd499cb567f63ff7742ef279.pdf?lang=en

[14] M. R. Pourmohammadi, K. Maleki, F. Barandkam, and A. Shafa'ati. “Urban planning appropriate to passive defense with emphasis on evaluation and planning of urban land use optimization (case study of Sanandaj city),” Scientific- Research Quarterly of Geographical Data (SEPEHR). vol. 21, no. 83, pp. 97-107. 2012. (In Persian). https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.25883860.1391.21.83.17.3

[15] M. H. Mahdavi Ghahsareh and A. Kamrani, “Studying the Adaptation of the Historic Cities to the Principles of Modern Passive-Defense in the Central Plateau of Iran,” Passive Defense Quarterly. vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 1-14, 2023. (In Persian). https://dorl.net/dor/ 20.1001.1.20086849.1402.14.3.1.5

[16] S. Amanpour, R. Ahmadi, and A. Davodi Monjazi, “Investigating effective factors and elements in non-active defense in historical cities of Iran, a case study of the old texture of Dezful city,” Passive Defense Quarterly. vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 1-14, 2015. (In Persian).https://pd.ihu.ac.ir/article_200673_1157834f6b5f92cbd3e152a73a2acd50.pdf

[17] S. Amirhajloo and B. Saghae, “An Investigation of the Strategies of passive defense in the Spatial Organization and Architecture Features of the old Mourcheh Khort Citadel,” Journal of Architecture in Hot and Dry Climate, vol. 9,  no.  13, pp. 217-241, 2021. (In Persian). https://doi.org/ 10.29252/ahdc.2021.16400.1534

[18] S. A. Mahdi Niya, H. Chardoli, and A. Balali Oskoei, “Analyzing the principles of passive defense in the traditional structure of Hamadan market,” Journal of Safe City, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 1-13, 2020. https://www.ispdrc.ir/article_705228_8566245a3a62c383730367ba4845408a.pdf

[19] Bureau of National Regulations, Passive defense, Tehran: Iran: Housing and Urban Development Research Center press, 2016. (In Persian).

[20] A. Asgharian Jedi, Architectural Requirements in Sustainable Passive Defense, Tehran, Iran: Shahid Beheshti University Press, 2007. (In Persian).

[21] S. Hasanpour Loumer, “Typology of architectural designs and decorations of the historical city of Masouleh,” Ph.D. dissertation, Faculty of Arts and Architecture. Islamic Azad University Tabriz Branch. Tabriz, Iran, 2023.

[22] A. Maldar and M. Pirasteh, “An Analytical Look at the Discourse of Emerging Threats to Defense Power Khatam al-Anbia Air Defense Base (PBUH) of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran,” War Studies, vol. 3(10). 5-34. 2021. (In Persian). https://www.qjws.ir/article_249701_a527f0802cb17d1f674603194ad5a2f7.pdf

[23] M. Baastani, F. Mohammadniay gharaee, and S. Saiedi, “Spatial Planning of Houses with Passive Defense Approach (Case Study of Mashhad Noghan Neighborhood),” Passive Defense Quarterly. vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 73-85, 2019. (In Persian). https://dorl.net/dor/  20.1001.1.20086849.1398.10.1.6.8

 [24] J. Tavakolinia, A. Mehrabi, and E. Allahyari, “Urban Vulnerability Assessment with Passive Defense Approach (Case study: District 20 of Tehran City),” Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazarts. vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 69-8, 2019. (In Persian). https://doi.org/ ‎10.29252/jsaeh.6.2.69

[25] R. Dabbagh and B. Nasiri Fard, “safe points in critical situations with passive defense approach (Case Study of Tabriz City),” Journal of Rescue Relief. vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 214-23, 2019. (In Persian). https://dorl.net/dor/10.52547/jorar.11.3.214

[26] M. Shahinifar and S. Amirian, “Evaluation of Passive Defense Indicators in Rural Areas (Case Study: Villages of Kermanshah Province),” Passive Defense Quarterly. vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 35-48, 2021. (In Persian).  https://dorl.net/dor/ 20.1001.1.20086849.1400.12.1.4.0

[27] M. Mozaffarpour Taromi and, H. Khosravi, “The Response of Residents of the Building and Non-structural Components, in Contrast to Explosions at Ground Level from the Standpoint of Passive Defense,” Civil Engineering Journal. vol. 5, no. 2. pp. 495-04, 2019. https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2019-03091262

[28] S. Amirian, M. Safaeipour, H. Hosseini Amini, and H. Ebadi. “Safeguarding Zoning and Vulnerability in Ahvaz City from the Passive Defense Perspective,” Journal of Applied researches in Geographical Sciences. vol. 20, no. 56, pp. 299-309, 2020. (In Persian). https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.22287736.1399.20.56.19.0

[29] H. Khalilzade Khoshkhoo, S. Khazaei, and M. Attarzade, “Spatial Analysis and Site Selection of Urban Gas Stations in Regards to Passive Defense Approach (Case Study: Region 14 of Tehran),” Passive Defense Quarterly. vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 19-31, 2014.

(InPersian).https://pd.ihu.ac.ir/article_206091_8ad75b1b81ea339359cf7d2ad313a51b.pdf?lang=en

[30] A. Seyedin, S. Amini varaki, H. Rostami, and M. H. Yazdani, “Place Vulnerability Assessment of Ardabil’s Infrastructures Using Passive Defense Approach,” Town and Country Planning. vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 333-362, 2017. (In Persian). https://doi.org/ 10.22059/jtcp.2017.227056.669671

[31] S. H. Hoseini and A. Sedigi, “An analysis on spatial planning of therapeutic Spaces of Mashhad with emphasis on passive defensive approach,” Town and Country Planning. vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 335-361, 2014. (In Persian). https://doi.org/ 10.22059/jtcp.2014.53204

[32] M. T. Razavian, M. Alian, H. Rostami, “Assessment of spatial vulnerability infrastructures in Yazd province, with passive defense approach,” Town and Country Planning. vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 31-63, 2018. (In Persian). https://doi.org/ 10.22059/jtcp.2017.229144.669687

[33] S. Amanpour, D. Mohamadi Deh Cheshme, and M. alizadeh, “Evaluating Vulnerability of Kuhdasht Urban Infrastructure's through Passive Defense Approach,” Town and Country Planning. vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 133-154, 2016. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22059/jtcp.2016.59145

[34] S. J. Hashemi Fesharaki, G. A. Rashid, and H. Hoseini Amin, “Strategic considerations in the comprehensive study of passive defense Reducing Vulnerabilities City,” Urban Management Studies. vol. 6, no. 18, pp. 38-63, 2014. (In Persian). https://ums.srbiau.ac.ir/article_9179_1d747f4cd46a9054ee6fdf1c713e2d18.pdf

[35] M. Mohamadzadeh, M. Nabizadeh, and E. Abdolahi, “Investigating the Design Requirements of Dorud City Docking Station from the Perspective of Passive Defense,” Passive Defense Quarterly. vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 107-123, 2023. (In Persian). https://dorl.net/dor/ 20.1001.1.20086849.1401.13.4.10.9

[36] S. E. Abtahi and S. H. Hoseini Lavasani, “Numerical Investigation of Seismic Performance of Thin Steel Shear Walls without Stiffeners with Passive Defense Approach,” Passive Defense Quarterly. vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1-18, 2022. (In Persian) https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.20086849.1401.13.1.1.4