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واکاوی مفهوم دولت‌مداری در سنت سیاست‌نامه‌نویسی ایران عصر میانه (بررسی تطبیقی سیرالملوک، کتابالنصیحه و نصیحه‌الملوک) | ||
| دولت پژوهی ایران معاصر | ||
| دوره 10، شماره 1، خرداد 1403، صفحه 113-140 اصل مقاله (1.03 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: اندیشه سیاسی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدی امیدی* ؛ سعید محمدی | ||
| مدرس و پژوهشگر دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع) | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 12 اردیبهشت 1403، تاریخ بازنگری: 09 خرداد 1403، تاریخ پذیرش: 12 خرداد 1403 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پژوهش حاضر به دنبال واکاوی مفهوم دولت‌مداری در سنت فکری سیاست‌نامه‌نویسی دوره میانی ایران است؛ تا به این سؤال پاسخ دهد که مؤلفه‌های الگوی سیاست‌نامه‌نویسی از حیث دولت‌مداری، در آثار مکتوب این دوره با توجه به تضعیف خلافت اسلامی و شکل‌گیری سلطنت‌های نیمه‌مستقل شامل چه ویژگی‌هایی بوده و نسبت آن با اندیشه دولت در ایران چگونه است. بعداز تبیین مؤلفه‌های چهارگانه «توأمانی دین و سیاست»، «پادشاهی و سلطنت‌محوری»، «رعیت‌داری و تعامل عادلانه» و «حفظ قدرت و نفی مخالفان» با استفاده از «روش تطبیقی» به بررسی این شاخص‌ها میان آثار (سیرالملوک، کتابالنصیحه و نصیحه‌الملوک) پرداخته شد. یافته‌های تحقیق بیانگر آن است که خواجه به دنبال ایجاد فره ایزدی و مشروعیت دینی برای پادشاه بوده، عنصرالمعالی سلطنت زمینی را جایگزین مشروعیت دینی کرده و غزالی راهی میانه را در قالب نظریه‌ی ظل‌الله است. هر سه متفکر، گرانیگاه خود را حول محور پادشاه قرار داده‌اند اما ایجاد دیوان عریض مختص به خواجه بوده و عنصرالمعالی و غزالی به ترتیب در جایگاه‌های بعدی قرار می‌گیرند. جهت «رعیت‌داری و تعامل عادلانه» عنصرالمعالی و غزالی به کنترل رعیت و لشکر از طریق نظام‌های اخذ خراج و صدور فرمان اشاره‌کرده‌اند اما خواجه کمتر از بقیه به موضوع عدالت پرداخته است. به ترتیب خواجه، عنصرالمعالی و غزالی در آثار خود به دنبال «بسط»، «کسب» و «حفظ» قدرت بودند. در مجموع می‌توان نتیجه گرفت فرآیندهای حاکم بر شکل‌گیری دولت در ایران نشان می‌دهد که دولت امری تأسیسی بوده و در ادامه متون سیاست‌نامه‌ها، بازتاب‌دهنده تجربه دولت‌مداری ایرانیان است تا در «سیاست عملی» به اقتضائات نظام‌های سیاسی جدید پاسخ داده شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| سیاست‌نامه‌نویسی؛ قرون میانه؛ قابوس‌نامه؛ نصیحه‌الملوک؛ سیرالملوک؛ عدالت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Analyzing the concept of state-oriented in the policy writing tradition of Middle Ages Iran (Comparative review of Siyar al-muluk, Ketab al-Nasiha and Nasiha al-Maluk) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mahdi Omidi؛ saeed mohammadi | ||
| Lecturer and researcher at Imam Hossein University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The present study seeks to explore the concept of statehood in the intellectual tradition of policy-writing of the middle period of Iran; to answer the question of what characteristics the components of the model of policy-writing in terms of statehood, in the written works of this period, in view of the weakening of the Islamic caliphate and the formation of semi-independent monarchies include and how it is related to the thought of the state in Iran. After explaining the four components of "the unity of religion and politics", "Kingdom and monarchy", "just observance and interaction" and "maintaining power and denying opponents", these indicators were examined using the "adaptive method" among the works (Sier ul Mulook, Alnasaeh and Nasaeh ul Mulook). The findings of the study indicate that the Khwaja sought to Farrah-izadi culture and religious legitimacy for the king, Onsorolmaali replaced the earthly kingdom with religious legitimacy, and Ghazali is a middle ground in the form of the theory The shadow of God. All three thinkers have centered their idea around the king, but the creation of a wide court is specific to the Khwaja, and the Onsorolmaali and the Ghazali are placed in the next places respectively. In order to "observe and interact fairly", Onsorolmaali and Ghazali have referred to the control of the subjects and the army through the systems of taking tribute and issuing orders, but Khwaja has paid less attention to the issue of justice than others. Respectively, Khwaja, Onsorolmaali and Ghazali sought "expansion", "acquisition" and "preservation" of power in their works. finally, it can be concluded that the processes governing the formation of the government in Iran show that the government was an establishment and in the continuation of the policy texts, it reflects the experience of the Iranian government to respond to the requirements of new political systems in "practical politics". | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Siyasatnameh, policy writing, Middle Ages, Qabus-nama, Nasiha of al-Muluk, Siyar al-muluk justice | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 269 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 171 |
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