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تبیین مفهوم تابآوری در شبکه برق و ارتباط آن با پدافند غیرعامل | ||
فصلنامه شهر تاب آور | ||
مقاله 5، دوره 2، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 2، اردیبهشت 1399، صفحه 51-64 اصل مقاله (1.22 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
رضا غفارپور* 1؛ محمد ایمان علیزاده2 | ||
1استادیار، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع) | ||
2دانشجوی دکتری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
تاریخ دریافت: 15 خرداد 1398، تاریخ بازنگری: 21 خرداد 1398، تاریخ پذیرش: 20 مهر 1398 | ||
چکیده | ||
شبکههای برق بهعنوان زیرساختهای اصلی اقتصادی، امنیتی و حیات طبیعی یک کشور همیشه در معرض تهدیدات خرابکارانه قرار داشتهاند. اجزاء زیاد، وابستگی و پراکندگی آنها، بهرهبرداری در زمان بروز مداخلات، کاهش دادن آسیبهای احتمالی و مقاومسازی زیرساختها در برابر اتفاقات مشابه با رویکرد پدافند غیرعامل را اموری مهم و پیچیده نمودهاند. بهطور سنتی، پدافند غیرعامل در قالب یک ساختار سه وجهی پیشگیری، محافظت و پاسخ تعریف میشده است. لیکن، با بروز تهدیدات امنیتی خرابکارانه نوین در کنار حوادث طبیعی که با احتمال رویداد کم اما خسارت زیاد همراه هستند، در نظر گرفتن مسئله تابآوری در جهت کاهش حداکثری اثرات مخرب بهعنوان رکنی جدید در پدافند غیرعامل ضروری به نظر میرسد. از اینرو، ساختار سه وجهی سنتی به ارکان پنجگانه پیشگیری، محافظت، کاهش اثرات، پاسخ و بازیابی ارتقاء مییابد. در این مقاله سعی شده است مفاهیم نوین در حوزه سیستمهای قدرت تبیین شوند. از دیگر سو، در تحقیقات موجود شاخصهای ارزیابی مناسبی جهت سنجش دقیق وضعیت تابآوری سیستم در شرایط مختلف ( ازجمله، قبل، حین و بعد از بروز حوادث)، ارائه نشده است. ازاینرو، در مقاله حاضر ابتدا تعاریف موجود تابآوری در سیستمهای سازمانی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی، مهندسی، و شبکههای برق گردآوری و مقایسه شدهاند. سپس به تفکیک مفاهیم مرتبط و درعینحال مستقل در حوزه پدافند غیرعامل شبکههای برق ازجمله خظر پذیری، مقاومت، بقاء، قابلیت اطمینان، آسیبپذیری و تابآوری پرداخته شده است. بهعلاوه، در بخش آخر، با بررسی شاخصهای تابآوری در حوزههای اجتماعی، امنیت ملی و بلایای طبیعی، به تسهیل طراحی شاخصهای کمی سازی این مفهوم در شبکه برق بهعنوان مبحثی نوین در ارتباط با پدافند غیرعامل در این حوزه پرداخته شده است. در نهایت، تبیین ادبیات بهوجود آمده در حوزه نوین تابآوری، محققان را کمک خواهد نمود تا بهتر به تحلیل تمهیدات مورد نیاز پدافند غیرعامل در سیستم قدرت به جهت ارتقاء تابآوری سیستم بپردازند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تابآوری در شبکه برق؛ آسیبپذیری؛ تحلیل خطر پذیری؛ قابلیت اطمینان | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Resiliency Concept Explanation in Electricity Network and its Relationship with Passive Defense | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
R. Ghaffarpour1؛ M. E. Alizade2 | ||
1ihu.ac.ir | ||
2tarbiat modarres university | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Power systems as main economic, security and natural life infrastructures have always been in the exposure of sabotage threats. Operational scheduling during disruptions, reducing probable damages, and reinforcing infrastructures considering passive defense goals are crucial and complicated tasks due to the large number of components in power systems and their interdependency and dispersion. Conventionally, passive defense is defined with a trihedral structure including prevention, protection, and response. However, due to emerging new security sabotage threats with low probabilities and high impacts beside natural disasters considering the resilience problem to lessen the impacts of disasters seems crucial. In this regard, the conventional trihedral augments to a structure with five pillars namely, prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery. In the current paper these new concepts are discussed in power systems’ context. In the current literature, however, no practical quantitative measures are presented to precisely analyze the resiliency status of the system in different states (i.e. pre-event, during-event and post-event). Accordingly, the current paper firstly reviews and compares the common resiliency definitions in organizational, social, economic, and engineering systems along with electricity networks. Then, related but independent concepts such as risk, robustness, survivability, reliability, vulnerability and resiliency are compared and categorized. Finally, with assessing resiliency measures in social, national defense, and natural phenomena defining quantitative metrics for resiliency evaluation in electricity networks is facilitated. Eventually, explanation of recent aspects of resiliency in literature helps researchers to assess passive defense requirements in a resilient power system in a better way. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Resiliency in Power Systems, Vulnerability, Risk Analysis, Reliability | ||
مراجع | ||
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