اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 38 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 1,240 |
| تعداد مقالات | 8,994 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 7,847,477 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 4,707,818 |
فهم تجربه زیسته مناسبات کار و زندگی در مدیران زن آکادمیک: رویکرد پدیدارشناسی توصیفی | ||
| پژوهش‌های مدیریت منابع انسانی | ||
| دوره 13، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 44، تیر 1400، صفحه 9-36 اصل مقاله (1.17 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| الهام ابراهیمی* | ||
| استادیار، گروه مدیریت پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، تهران، ایران | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 19 شهریور 1399، تاریخ بازنگری: 14 اسفند 1399، تاریخ پذیرش: 16 اسفند 1399 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| امروزه زندگی شخصی و شغلی افراد، ارتباط و پیوستگی قابل‌ملاحظه‌ای با یکدیگر دارند؛ ازاین‌رو، توسعه دانش نظری در زمینه برهم‌کنش‌ها و روابط پیچیده میان این دو عرصه، درقالب پدیده مناسبات کار و زندگی حائز اهمیت است. هدف این تحقیق، فهم تجربه زیسته هشت نفر از زنان عضو هیئت‌علمی که متصدی مناصب مدیریتی یک پژوهشگاه بودند، در زمینه مناسبات و ترتیبات بین حوزه‌های کار و زندگی بود. بدین‌منظور، از روش پدیدارشناسی توصیفی زیست‌جهان تأملی داهلبرگ استفاده شد. دلیل استفاده از این روش، دستیابی به ساختاری کلی از پدیده مذکور بود که به تک‌تک تغییرات ایجادشده در داده‌ها وابسته باشد؛ نه تعمیم‌پذیری یافته‌ها. مصاحبه‌های عمیق با هشت نفر از اعضای هیئت‌علمی زن که پست مدیریتی داشتند، انجام شد. برای تأیید قابلیت اعتماد تحلیل‌ها و یافته‌ها از سه روش پرسشگری همتایان، تحلیل موارد منفی و اصالت پژوهش استفاده شد. نتایج تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد، از دید مصاحبه‌شوندگان «پیشینه خانوادگی»، «ادراک خودکارآمدی»، «توان انطباق‌پذیری با شرایط»، «بلندپروازی و شهامت رویارویی با مصائب» و «حمایتگری خانواده و پروای مراقبت»، سویه مثبت مناسبات کار و زندگی را تشکیل می‌دهند. ازطرف‌دیگر، «قیاس‌های بازدارنده»، «تلقین کلیشه‌های جنسیتی»، «حس ناکامی در زندگی»، «اندیش‌پایه‌های جزمی» و «مطالبه‌گری حوزه‌های کار و زندگی»، قالب‌های اصلی تجربه منفی آنان از رویارویی این دو عرصه هستند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| مناسبات کار و زندگی؛ پدیدارشناسی توصیفی؛ زیست‌جهان تأملی؛ مدیران زن؛ اعضای هیئت‌علمی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Understanding the Lived Experience of Work-Life Relationships in Female Academic Managers: A Descriptive Phenomenological Approach | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Elham Ebrahimi | ||
| Assistant professor at the Management Research Institute of the Faculty of Humanities and Cultural Studies | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| These days, the personal and professional lives of people are closely related to each other. Hence, improvement of theoretical knowledge in the field of interactions and complex relationships between these two fields, in relation to the phenomenon of work-life relations, seems quite essential. This research is intended to investigate the lived experience of eight female faculty members holding managerial positions in a research institute in relation to the their arrangement of their work lives and everyday lives. The Dahlberg’s reflective world life of descriptive phenomenological method was used for this purpose. The reason for employing this approach was to achieve a general structure of the phenomenon depending on all individual changes made in the data, and not for the generalization of the findings. In-depth interviews were conducted with these eight female faculty members who held managerial positions. Three methods of peer questioning, negative case analysis and research originality were used for the confirmation of the reliability of the analyses and the findings. The results of data analysis revealed that, "family background", " perception of self-efficacy", "capacity to adapt to circumstances", "ambition and courage to face adversities", and "family support and care" contained the positive aspects of work-life relationships. On the other hand, "preventive comparisons", "indoctrination of gender stereotypes", "perception of failure in life", "dogmatic thinking" and "the demands of work life" composed the main negative experience of confronting these two areas. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Work and life relations, descriptive phenomenology, perceptional life-world, female managers, faculty members | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
سمیعی، فاطمه؛ صادقیان، علی‌رضا و عابدی، محمدرضا (۱۳۹۳)، آرزوها و مسیر موفقیت شغلی مدیران، پژوهش‌های مدیریت منابع انسانی، ۶(۱): ۷۷ ـ ۵۳.
عباسی، محرم؛ ابراهیمی، الهام و ایرانی، حمیدرضا (۱۳۹۷)، تبیین مدل پیشایندها و پسایندهای تعادل کار و زندگی؛ مطالعه‌ای در شرکت ملی گاز ایران، فصلنامه مدیریت منابع انسانی در صنعت نفت، ۱۰(۳۷): ۹۳ ـ ۱۲۴.
قلی‌پور، آرین و ابراهیمی، الهام (۱۳۹۹)، روان‌شناسی صنعتی و سازمانی، تهران: نشر کتاب مهربان.
کاظمی شاها‌ن‌دشتی سیده‌صدف؛ ارشدی، نسرین؛ نیسی، عبدالکاظم و نعامی، عبدالزهرا (۱۳۹۷)، اثر تعارض کار خانواده و غنی‌سازی کار خانواده بر قصد ترک شغل و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی: نقش واسطه‌ای تعادل کار زندگی، فصلنامه روش‌ها و مدل‌های روان‌شناختی، ۸(۲۷): ۱۰۸ ـ ۸۳.
Ali, F., Malik, A., Pereira, V., & Al Ariss, A. (2017). A relational understanding of work-life balance of Muslim migrant women in the west: future research agenda. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(8), 1163–1181.
Bandura, A. (1997). Social learning theory. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Beigi, M., & Shirmohammadi, M. (2017). Qualitative Research on Work–Family in the Management Field: A Review. Applied Psychology, 66(3), 382–433.
Beck, C. T. (2020). Introduction to phenomenology: Focus on methodology. California: SAGE Publications.
Carlson, D. S., & Grzywacz, J. G. (2011). Reflections and Future Directions on Measurement in Work-Family Research. In K. Korabik, D. S. Lero, & D. L. Whitehead (Eds.), Handbook of Work-Family Integration: Research, Theory, and Best Practices (pp. 57–73). Seiten: Academic Press.
Cervia, S., & Biancheri, R. (2017). Women in science: The persistence of traditional gender roles. A case study on work–life interface. European Educational Research Journal, 16(2–3), 215–229.
Clark, M. A., Rudolph, C. W., Zhdanova, L., Michel, J. S., & Baltes, B. B. (2017). Organizational Support Factors and Work–Family Outcomes: Exploring Gender Differences. Journal of Family Issues, 38(11), 1520–1545.
Dahlberg, K., Dahlberg, H., & Nyström, M. (2008). Reflective lifeworld research. Lund, Sweden: Studentlitteratur.
Dyckerhoff, C. S., Wang, J., & Chen, J. (2012). Women Matter: An Asian Perspective. Australia: McKinsey & Company.
Eagly, A., & Carli, L. (2007). Through the labyrinth: The truth about how women become leaders. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School.
Fontinha, R., Easton, S., & Van Laar, D. (2019). Overtime and quality of working life in academics and nonacademics: The role of perceived work-life balance. International Journal of Stress Management, 26(2), 173–183.
Gallant, A. (2014). Symbolic Interactions and the Development of Women Leaders in Higher Education. Gender, Work & Organization, 21(3), 203–216.
Gerber, J. P. (2020). Social Comparison Theory BT - Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. In V. Zeigler-Hill & T. K. Shackelford (Eds.), (pp. 5004–5011). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Grant-Vallone, E. J., & Ensher, E. (2017). Re-Crafting Careers for Mid-Career Faculty: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 17(5 SE-Articles).
Greenhaus, J. H., & Allen, T. D. (2006). Work-family balance: Exploration of a concept. In Families and Work Conferenc. Provo, UT.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Allen, T. D. (2011). Work-family balance: A review and extension of the literature. In L. Tetrick & J. C. Quick (Eds.), Handbook of occupational health psychology (pp. 165–183). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. The Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 76–88.
Greenhaus, J. H., Collins, K. M., & Shaw, J. D. (2003). The relation between work–family balance and quality of life. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63(3), 510–531.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Powell, G. N. (2006). When Work and Family Are Allies: A Theory of Work-Family Enrichment. The Academy of Management Review, 31(1), 72–92.
Grzywacz, J. G., Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., & Wayne, J. H. (2007). A multi-level perspective on the synergies between work and family. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 80(4), 559–574.
Grzywacz, J. G., & Marks, N. F. (2000). Reconceptualizing the work–family interface: An ecological perspective on the correlates of positive and negative spillover between work and family. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(1), 111–126.
Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (1994). Competing paradigms in qualitative research. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 105–117). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Heraty, N., Morley, M. J., & Cleveland, N. J. (2008). The work‐family dyad: multi‐level perspectives. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(5), 477–483.
Ismail, A. (2018). Understanding Work-Life Interface of Malay Muslim Women Academics: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). University of Glasgow.
Kelliher, C., Richardson, J., & Boiarintseva, G. (2019). All of work? All of life? Reconceptualising work-life balance for the 21st century. Human Resource Management Journal, 29(2), 97–112.
Kirchmeyer, C. (2000). Work-life initiatives: Greed or benevolence regarding workers’ time? In C. L. Cooper & D. M. Rousseau (Eds.), Trends in Organizational Behavior (pp. 79–93). West Sussex, UK: Wiley.
Krymis, E. (2011). Women and work-life balance: a phenomenological qualitative analysis of identity, relational style, adaptive style, and drive and motivation, and the role of faith from the narrative life-story framework. Pepperdine University.
Lee, E.-S., Chang, J. Y., & Kim, H. (2011). The work–family interface in Korea: can family life enrich work life? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(9), 2032–2053.
Mazerolle, S. M., & Barrett, J. L. (2018). Work-Life Balance in Higher Education for Women: Perspectives of Athletic Training Faculty. Athletic Training Education Journal, 13(3), 248–258.
Merighi, M. A. B., Jesus, M. C. P. de, Domingos, S. R. da F., Oliveira, D. M. de, & Baptista, P. C. P. (2011). Being a nursing teacher, woman and mother: showing the experience in the light of social phenomenology. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, 19(1), 164–170.
Milkie, M. A., & Peltola, P. (1999). Playing all the roles: Gender and the work-family balancing act. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 61(2), 476–490.
Morse, J. M. (2015). Critical Analysis of Strategies for Determining Rigor in Qualitative Inquiry. Qualitative Health Research, 25(9), 1212–1222.
Noor, N. M. (2002). Work-family conflict, locus of control, and women’s well-being: Tests of alternative pathways. The Journal of Social Psychology, 142(5), 645–662.
Noor, S., & Maad, N. (2009). Examining the Relationship between Work Life Conflict, Stress and Turnover Intentions among Marketing Executives in Pakistan. International Journal of Business and Management, 3(11), 93–102.
Petri, S., & Berthelsen, C. B. (2015). Lived experiences of everyday life during curative radiotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: A phenomenological study. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 10(1), 29397.
Putnik, K., Houkes, I., Jansen, N., Nijhuis, F., & Kant, Ij. (2018). Work-home interface in a cross-cultural context: a framework for future research and practice. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 1–18.
Riggio, R. E. (2017). Introduction to industrial/organizational psychology. New Jersey: Pearson Education.
Riva, E., Lucchini, M., & Russo, M. (2019). Societal Gender Inequality as Moderator of the Relationship Between Work–Life Fit and Subjective Well-Being: A Multilevel Analysis Across European Countries. Social Indicators Research, 143(2), 657–691.
Sheldon, K. M., & Niemiec, C. P. (2006). It’s not just the amount that counts: Balanced need satisfaction also affects well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91(2), 331–341.
Sumaira, R., & Muhammad, A. R. (2012). Gender and work‐life balance: a phenomenological study of women entrepreneurs in Pakistan. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 19(2), 209–228.
Thompson, J. A., & Bunderson, J. S. (2001). Work-Nonwork Conflict and the Phenomenology of Time: Beyond the Balance Metaphor. Work and Occupations, 28(1), 17–39.
Wayne, J. H., Butts, M. M., Casper, W. J., & Allen, T. D. (2017). In search of balance: A conceptual and empirical integration of multiple meanings of work-family balance. Personnel Psychology, 70(1), 167–210.
Wilensky, H. L. (1960). Work, careers and social integration. International Social Science Journal, 12, 543–560.
Won, S.-Y. (2016). State Policy? Traditional Gender Stereotypes? Relative Contributions of Factors Affecting Positive Work–Family Interface for Working Mothers in Korea. Gender, Work & Organization, 23(2), 147–164.
Wu, T., & Chang, P.-C. (2020). The impact of work–family programs on work–family facilitation and role performance: the dual moderating effect of gender. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 58(1), 46-65. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 762 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 835 |
||